Volcanologic and Petrologic Study of the SW of Kızılcahamam
Abstract: An area of approximately 700 km2 at the SW of Kiziİcaha am, in Central Anatolia was studied volcanologi ally andpetrologi ally. The area is covered by volcanic rocks and Tertiary sediments. Metamorphic rocks are prpesent at the base. Theregion is near some plate margins at N and SE. Volcanic rocks probably started to accumulate in Lower Tertiary andaccumulation ended before Early Pliocene. There is a lava plateau which formed by aa and blocky lava at the base and productsof Aluç and Binkoz Volcanoes overlie them. These are monogenetic and monocentric volcanoes. A small caldera formed at BinkczVolcano. Explosion indexes of these volcanoes are near 10. During the Middle Miocene, Ağacın Volcano formed, whose explosionindex is 60. A pyroclastic breccia, an ash flow, a vulcanian breccia and Başören Lava erupted from here. Crater of the volcano ispluged by a lava dome. During this period, laaharic epielastic breccias generated on the southern flanks of ancient volcanoes.Lavas belonging to this period are calcalkaline in character. But this magnesoferric lavas are different from the previous ferricproducts. The difference of magma from the first period are lower water content and outpourability with exposive eruptionsbecause of the fractionation under more plastic cover. Quartz occurs in norms and hypersthene in modal compositionsof all lavas. Formation of calcalkaline series hypothesis with high water content near old subduction zones is alsovalid for our study area.