Türkiye Jeoloji Bülteni

Geology of The Eastern Region of Lake Van

Abstract: The study is made on the maps, (scale 1/100,000 sheet number66/4, 67/3, 67/4, 83/2 and 84/1) of the eastern part of Lake Van. The area is mostlymountainous and has very poor road conditions. Previous works on this area weremade by F. Oswald, J. H. Maxson, E. J. Foley, P. Arni, I. Ortynski, and E. Altınlı.The following formations are seen in this area:Paleozoic.- The Paleozoic is represented by the limestones which are foundparallel to the shores of the Micinger suyu. The age of these limestones is Permianand they are completely crystallized. The Paleozoic in the vicinity of Özalp is represented by schists. 

Cretaceus.- Thisformation is represented by the limestones and overlyingthick flysch beds.

P a l e o c e n e.- The Paleocene sediments are composed of variegated shales,marls, and thin-bedded limestone beds.

Eocene.- The lower part of the Eocene sediments is represented by 100 - 150m. of sandstones and marls. Above these formations there are white fossiliferouslimestones, which are about 300 m. in thickness.

Miocene.- The Miocene is represented by the alternating sandstones andmarls. Generally the Miocene sediments contain more fossils.

Neogene.- The Neogene is represented by the continental deposits composed of sands, limestones, conglomerates and clays, which are probably Pliocene inage.

Recent.- The alluvium deposits are found, in the valleys of this district.Volcanic rocks.- These are serpentines, andesites and basalts. Serpentines areUpper Paleocene, andesites Pliocene and basalts probably Pleistocene in age.

Paleogeography.-The area was above the sea level from Paleozoic to Cretaceous. A general transgression had occurred during the Upper Cretaceous and thearea occupied by the sea until Lower Eocene age. At the beginning of the Miocenethe second transgression had taken place. At the end of the Miocene the sea regressed.The tectonic actions took place during the Tertiary period and some dislocations have resulted.Due to the fact that no favorable structural features were observed in the areastudied, it may be concluded that no economically important petroleum resourcesexist in this region.