Türkiye Jeoloji Bülteni

General Features Of Pb-Zn Mineralization, Denizovası-Havaaan Region (Eastern Yahyah-Kayseri): An Approach to Its Genesis

Abstract: There are different aged rocks, mainly carbonates, in the Denizovası-Havadan region (Eastern Yahyalı, Kayseri). These carbonate rocks havetwo main parts as a tectonostratigraphic unit, which were named Siyah Aladağ and Beyaz Aladağ Nappes. Siyah Aladağ Nappe includes UpperDevonian Harebe Formation, Carboniferous Köşkdere Formation, Lower Permian Sanoluk Formation, Upper Permian Zindandere Formation,Jurassic-Lower Cretaceous Uzunkoltepe Limestone, whereas Beyaz Aladağ Nappe has Middle-Upper Triassic Karaköy Limestone, Jurassic-LowerCretaceous Uzunkoltepe Limestone, Upper Cretaceous Zigaderesi Limestone. The additional hthological units in the region are also UpperCretaceous ophiolites, Upper Miocene-Pliocene volcanites and Miocene sediments.A lot of lead-zinc mineralizations are located in the region, and all of them are situated in the Siyah Aladağ and Beyaz Aladağ limestones. SiyahAladağ Nappe`s mineralizations (8 mineralizations) are closed to Denizovası district. Host rocks of these mineralizations consist of Upper Permianaged Zindandere Formation limestone and Jurassic-Lower Cretaceous aged Uzunkoltepe limestone. Beyaz Aladağ Nappe`s mineralizations (8 mineralizations) are closed to Havadan district. Host rocks of these mineralizations consist of Jurassic-Lower Cretaceous aged Uzunkoltepe limestones.Fifteen mineralizations of the region, which are epigenetic occurrences, connected with the NE-SW direction faulting. However, one mineralization in the Zindandere Formation limestones, unrelated with the faulting, which are syngenetic occurrences. Lead-zinc mineralizations are mostly carbonated and/or sulphated.According to microscopic observations and XRD determination reflected the mineralogical paragenesis consisting of primary minerals as galena, sphalerite, pyrite, marcasite, and secondary minerals as smithsonite, cerussite, anglesite, goethite, lepidocrocite and covellite. Mainly calcite andaccessory dolomite and quartz are accompanied with other minerals.Some trace elements such as Pb, Zn, Cu, Fe, Co and Ni analysed from the host rock collected from Zindandere Formation limestones andUzunkoltepe limestones. According to the trace element analysis; samples represented trace element contents extremely higher than the abundancyaverage cf limestones.Important observations of lead-zinc mineralization in the investigated area are as follows; mineralizations settle in the carbonate rocks, magmatic activity is not observed around the mineralization, ore-host rock contact is sharp and does not show an alteration zone, poor mineral paragenesis, occurrence of marcasite consider as the indicator of lower formation temperature, all of mineralizations mostly carbonated/sulphated, traceelement content ofhostrock is very rich.Findings of the present study and geological evolution of the Aladağ region may be interpreted together; Pb-Zn mineralizations in DenizovasıHavadan region, firstly, deposited as svngenetic origin in marine environment before rifting in Lower (or Middle) Triassic in the EasternMediterranean, later, block faulting developed in the region in Senonian. These faults affected Permian-Senonian rocks and napping occured in theregion. However, during and/or later napping, secondary mineralizations enrichend in the fault zones from the primary mineralizations (syngeneticmineralizations) and they were dissolved under the influence of the tectonism -sea water.