Abstract: The River Büyük Menderes (RBM) with the 615 km course and 24,000 km2 drainage area is the longeststream of not only Anatolia but also whole eastern Mediterranean region, which discharges in theAegean Sea. It is also one of the driven elements on Quaternary morphology of western Anatolia. Uppercourse of the RBM places in the Baklan-Dinar Graben (BDG) while middle and lower courses are in DenizliGraben (DG) and Büyük Menderes Graben (BMG) respectively. It has a meandering channel along thelongitudinal profile except for some short discontinuities. In fact, the term “meandering” channel in earth sciences was originated from “Maiandros flu” the antic name of the RMB. Based on results obtained fromthe BM delta (delta complex), the life story of the BMR has been in the last 250,000 years correspond to latePleistocene. However, field geology and core studies indicated that the old RBM was a short, limited streamat the BMG till last Glacial Stage. During that time middle and upper course were separate drainage basinscontaining two lakes called Sarayköy Lake and Baklan Lake respectively. The Kufi stream and the Dinarstream have been discharging in the Baklan lake during the Late Pleistocene, while the Banaz in theSarayköy Lake producing a delta represented by the modern open-sand pits of Yeniköy. Lakes have beenemptied by capture back erosion and then large RBM could form in early Holocene. This captureincreased significantly drainage area, water and sediment capacity of the new river, subsequently theuppermost part of the RBM delta complex occurred rapidly.