Abstract: Natural stones qualified as geological heritage are various and also plenty in Turkey, based on its complexgeological framework. Some unique stones have been used in Anatolia since antic times, particularlyfor large and prestigious buildings. Most of the natural stones are typical geoheritages of the country.However they have been no documented at international level, yet. In addition, economic and scientificterminology on the Turkish natural stones are completely different and people do not have correctgeological knowledge about them. In this study, to be able to take attention of earth scientists to thesubject, the roles of natural stones in cultural geology (or the geological fundamentals of natural stoneculture) have been discussed providing brief information about the unique building materials Ahlat Stone,Ankara Stone, Nevşehir Stone Sille Stone and Lületaşı (meerschaum), Pileki Stone, Oltu Stone as rawmaterials for local handcrafts