Türkiye Jeoloji Bülteni

Geology and Origin of Bauxitic Iron and Ferruginous Bauxite Deposits in the South of Şarkikaraağaç (İsparta)

Abstract: Two stratigraphically controlled ore zones, which do not have any relationship with each others interms of their genesis, mineralogical and chemical com position as well as their age, crop out to the south of Şarkikaraağaç (İsparta). The lower ore zone is followed on an unconformity surface between dolomites of ÇaltepeFormation of Lower-Middle Cambrian-age and Feletepe Formation of Dogger-age It consists of discontinuous occurrences of authochtonous «bauxitic iron ore» consisting of mainly hematite, chamosite, kaolinite, pyrochroite, diaspore and goethite. Their source rocks were probably reddish colored sandstones of Ordovician-age from northernpart of Sultandağ. On the other hand, the ferruginous bau xite-bearing upper zone, thicker and with more continuous distribution than the first one, is found between Upper Jurassic Kıyakdede formation and Upper Jurassic -Cretaceous Karayaka formation. Lateritic bauxites of the upper zone were originated from dolerites which showsome alternations with them. These autochtonous bauxites are composed of mainly boehmite, diaspore, kaolinite,hematite and goethite, with small ameunts of anatese, magnetite, ilmenite, pyrite, krandallite, calcite and chlorite.Occurrences of the ferruginous bauxites were formed under weak acidic conditions in a weathering environment containing great amounts of silica and relatively low amounts of aluminum with respect to mineable bauxites. This was the result of the insufficient development of drainage systems under lateritisation conditiens, different mobilities of elements and interruption of lateritic processes because of new layers of volcanic rocks covering the bauxite horizon.