Geology and Landslide Investigations in and Around the Çetin Dam Site
Abstract: Purpose of this study is to locate the landslides that can threaten the settlement areas around the Çetin damreservoir is situated in vicinities of Pervari town of Siirt city. The Çetin Dam is going to be constructed inBotan Çayı (Ulu Çay) valley. The Çetin dam crest, reservoir areas are all located on allochthonous units.The Maden Complex is situated between the slices of the metamorphic rocks. Very steep inclination of thevalley slopes are among the significant causes of the landslides. The frequency of the landslides increaseswhen this feature is combined with the presence of the Maden Complex. Another reason triggering thelandslides is the earthquakes.The reason why the slope inclination is steeper along Botan Çayı River is thetectonism which affected the region since the Middle Miocene. Among the most important numerous datathat shows that the region is uplifting continuously are elevated erosional surface of the old rivers and theterraces can be counted as evidence of uplifting. These features provide important evidences to understandthe relative ages of the landslides. The uplifting causes an increase in slope inclination. As the inclinationof the slopes increase, new and younger landslides occur in debris of the older landslides. It was observedin many places that the material sliding downslope following the occurrence of the landslide divertedthe river bed in the opposite direction. Most of the villages established on both banks along the valley ofBotan Çayı River are located on old landslide material, landslide debris and erosional surface. The wateremerging from the toe and foot of the older landslide material has promoted the horticultural activities. Inline with the increase in water saturation of the rock and soil beneath the reservoir after water holding inthe dam, new landslides can be expected around the active landslide areas. Based on their relative ages,the landslides mapped were classified in 7 groups. The symbol «1» was used for the oldest landslideand similarly, «7» was used for the youngest one. The landslides with the numbers «1,2,3,4 and 5» are theinactive, fossil landslides. The landslides indicated with 6 and 7 are active landslides. The landslides alsowere grouped based on flowing-sliding types and flowing-sliding materials except for dating.