Abstract: As understood from the artifacts found in the archaeological excavation areas, the obsidian belongingto the volcanic areas of the Eastern Anatolian Region spread to a very wide area by being traded inprehistoric times. For this reason, it is important to carry out a study on obsidian diffusion and volcanicgeomorphological features in the Eastern Anatolia Region.In this study, the importance of volcanological and geomorphological indicators in thedetermination of obsidian sources is given by examplifying field studies with geomorphological andgeological approaches in the volcanic areas of Eastern Anatolia RegionThe basic characteristics of obsidian (color, texture, durability, hardness, etc.) presence, quantityand availability as raw materials are closely related with volcanic and geomorphological processes.For example; The chemical and physical properties of the obsidian appear largely under the control ofvolcanism. Magmatic processes play an important role in the spread of the obsidian surface areas andin the formation types (dom, dyke, flow, etc.). The presence of obsidian in a volcanic massif is the resultof volcanism, but at the same time, its continuation in the same area later also depends on the type andseverity of the entire erosion process. Namely, the next volcanic activity and or erosional processes in thevolcanic area may cause the obsidian to fossilize or be completely eroded and destroyed. In addition, thiskind of effect also changes the presence and proportion of obsidian in the colluvial and alluvial materialknown as secondary sources on the area.