Abstract: Chemical composition of the Fırat River bank sediments which are located between Palu and Keban DamLake show that the Fırat River’s sediments can be named as sub-litharenite and felspar litharenite. In terms of themajor oxide contents in the Holocene Euphrates River sediments, the concentrations of Fe2O3, MgO, CaO, and TiO2are higher than UCC (Upper Continental Crust), and SiO2, Al2O3, Na2O, and P2O5 concentrations are depleted. Pbisotope composition ratios of the studied sediment samples show that the natural weathering of the local lithologicunites is to be more effective on the river sediment chemistry than anthropogenic effects. Especially, at the P2,P4, P13, P17, P30, P43, P44, P46 and P49 sample locations are determined that the river sediments are mostlybetween natural lead values which come from the mafic volcano-sedimentary rocks due to 206Pb/207Pb (1.205 − 1.22)ratio. The units have characterization of Plio-Quaternary Palu Formation, Upper Miocene Çaybağı Formation, andUpper Cretaceous Elazığ Magmatic rocks. Physico-mechanical experiments show that the sediments of the FıratRiver have 2.6 gr/cm3 specific weight and sediments’ optimum bitumen is 4.6 % and their mixture type stability valueis 2300 kg. The physical-mechanical features of the sediments at the sample sites from P39 to P50 in the westernEast Anatolian Fault Zone show that clay size fractions are higher than the updown river sediment samples which are taken from P1 to P38 in the eastern fault zone. The obtained results indicate that the river sediment samplesfrom P1 to P39 at the west of East Anatolian Fault Zone are suitable for both raw material for cement or aggregateand bituminous hot mixture production as raw materials in the construction industry interms of stability and fluxing.