Türkiye Jeoloji Bülteni
Türkiye Jeoloji Bülteni

Türkiye Jeoloji Bülteni

2018 OCAK Cilt 61 Sayı 1
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The Sedimentological Properties and Priliminary Results of Palaeoenvironmental Development of Middle-Late Pleistocene Gürlek-Kocabaş (Denizli) and Örtülü (Afyon) Travertines, SW-Turkey
Ezher Tagliasacchi
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Abstract: This study includes the prilimary results of the Gürlek-Kocabaş (Denizli) and Örtülü (Afyon) travertinesprecipitated within the similar depositional systems and the comparative investigation of the sedimentary processesand depositional periods of these terrestrial carbonates. The investigated areas are located within the NW-SEtrending Denizli Graben (Gürlek-Kocabaş) and NE-SW trending Acıgöl Graben (Örtülü) that adjacent to each otherwhich started to develop due to the extentional tectonic regime in the neotectonic period in SW-Turkey.Gürlek-Kocabaş travertines are deposited in shallow-pool like depression depositional system where the marshpool and flat-pool facies are observed. On the other hand Örtülü travertines have been determined in this studywhere could be precipitated in higher energy environment like slope depositional system and also in lower energyenvironment like shallow-pool depositional system. While the lateral expanded of the Gürlek-Kocabaş travertines ishundreds of meters, the Örtülü travertines continued few hundred meters and then they changed to the fluvial tufas towards Acigöl Graben. Palaeosol levels are significantly observed in two travertine deposits. According to thefirst pollen data, the existence of pollens (Pinaceae, Cedrus, Artemisia, Quercus), which are generally belonging toherbaceous and gymnosperms plants, are important data of climatic fluctuation. The presence of the Artemisia formin the investigated samples suggests the cool and arid climatic conditions in the precipitation of these terrestrialcarbonates.According to radiometric dating, two travertine deposits are precipitated in Middle-Late Pleistocene. In this studyis also determined that Gürlek-Kocabaş travertines continued to precipitate until 85 ka but Örtülü travertineaccumulations ceased approximately 308ka ago.  

  • Depositional settings

  • lithofacies

  • Middle-late Pleistocene

  • palynology

  • SW-Turkey

  • travertine


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    Ayşe Orhan Mehmet Demirbilek
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    Abstract: In the Cappadocia region, the Bayramhacı, İdişdağı, Göynük, Karadağ, Yeşilöz, Akçataş plutonic and/orsubvolcanic rocks exposing in the northern part of the Nevşehir province and Acıgöl plutonic rocks cropping out atthe south are included to the Central Anatolian Granitoids. The Akçataş pluton, exposing at the south of Nevşehir,has monzogranite composition and rarely contain mafic microgranular enclave (MME) and K.feldspar megacrysts.Magmatic rocks in the northern section have quite different compositions varying from monzogranite to quartz monzonit / monzodiorite - monzonite - phonolitic tephrite / tephritic phonolite. Quartz monzonitic / monzodioriticrocks dominantly contain MME and large K.feldspar megacrysts. Monzonitic rocks are in contact with the porphyriticsubvolcanic rocks which contain K-feldspar or leucite megacrysts.The monzogranitic rocks in the region are of subalkaline, high-K series calc-alkaline character and I-type leucogranite. Quartz monzonite, monzonite / monzodioritic rocks show compositions of subalkaline, high-K calc-alkalineto shoshonitic with I-type melt character. Monzonitic and phonolitic tephrite / tephritic phonolite rocks exhibit yieldA-type melt characteristics with alkaline and shoshonitic composition. Magmatic rocks with different compositionspresent different trace element abundance. Light rare element (LREE) enrichment ratios tend to increase frommonzogranite ((La/Yb)n = 4.58 – 12.11) to quartz monzonite / monzodiorite ((La/Yb)n = 12.06 – 33.78) and monzoniteand phonolitic tephrite / tephritic phonolite rocks ((La/Yb)n = 23.29 – 82.17). In Ocean ridge granite normalizedelement diagrams, all magmatic rocks show large ion lithophile elements (LILE: K, Rb, Ba) enrichment with respectto high field strength elements (HFSE: Ta, Nb, Hf, Zr, Y) indicating that they were formed in a subduction zone and/or collisional tectonic setting. However, alkaline magmatic rocks are represented by significant LIL (K, Rb, Ba, Th)and HFS (Ta, Nb, Ce and Zr) enrichment compared to calc-alkaline magmatic rocks. The petrographic and wholerock chemistry data from the Cappadocia Region indicate that studied magmatic rocks were formed by subductionzone magmatism and the contribution from subcontinental lithospheric mantle is much noticeable for the A-typeplutons.

  • Cappadocia plutonic rocks

  • Central Anatolia

  • geochemistry

  • petrography


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  • Evidence for Historical Earthquake-Related Deformation in the Light of the Geological, Archaeoseismological and Archaeological Data at Ancient City of Myra, SW Anatolia
    Mustafa Softa Mehmet Turan Hasan Sözbilir
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    Abstract: Most of the antique cities in Western and Southwestern Anatolia were established along the active faultzones. The Myra Ancient City, located in the region between the Fethiye-Burdur Fault Zone and the Pliny-Strabotrenches in southwest Anatolia, is situated on the NE-SW trending active normal faults. According to archeologicalevidence, Ancient City of Myra was affected by historical earthquakes. Analysis of the damaged relics indicates: (i)Nearly all relics of the Myra Ancient City show different degrees of earthquake related damage and these damagesmay be evidence for 141 A.D., 240 A.D., 344 A.D. earthquakes in the Holocene time interval; (ii) The nekropolisof Myra, amphitheatre and the port of Myra were ruptured as a systematically collapsed columns, collapsed walls,and by rotated and displaced blocks in the damage zone; (iii) NE-SW trending damage zone linked with Kale Faultand Kekova Fault and NW–SE-directed extension is mainly responsible for the recent faulting along the Kale Fault. 

  • Archaeoseismology

  • Demre

  • Historical Earthquakes

  • Kale Fault

  • Myra Ancient City


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  • The new findings on the Late Devonian volcanism in the Eastern Taurides (Develi, Kayseri): Preliminary data
    Okay Çimen
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    Abstract: The Tauride-Anatolide Platfom includes of widespread Paleozoic (Cambrian to Permian) units, whichrarely consist magmatic rocks that were identified in two areas: Eastern Taurides (SW of Tufanbeyli and Yahyalı) andCentral Taurides (Northern Konya). There are problematic views related to the magmatic evolution of these rocks.The available geochemical database is mostly concentrated on the magmatics from the Central Taurides (KonyaRegion).In this study, the mafic volcanic rocks were recently found in the Eastern Taurides (Develi-Kayseri). These maficvolcanics are intercalated with the Late Devonian limestones and covered by the Early Carboniferous sandstones.The geochemical charateristics of the volcanic rocks exhibit back arc basin (BAB) features with slightly negative Nbanomalies, normal-MORB (NMORB)-like high field strength element (HFSE) patterns and flat REE profile.The newly found basic volcanic rocks in the Eastern Taurides geochemically resemble the meta-diabase dykes in theKonya and Yahyalı regions, which were assigned to a subduction related event. The new data reported in this studywill benefit to better understand the mid-Paleozoic evolution of the Taurides.

  • BAB

  • Develi-Kayseri

  • Eastern Taurides

  • Late Devonian

  • volcanism


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  • Multi-Stage P-T-t Evolution of Precambrian Aged Rocks in Anamur (Alanya Massif, Mersin) Region
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    Abstract: The Anamur region in the eastern part of the Alanya Massif is defined by high temperature metamorphism.Metamorphic rocks (Sarıağaç unit), under the conditions of the upper amphibolite facies which are interruptedby basic and acidic meta-magmatics in the region, constitute the para-autochtonous basis. Kapıdağ nappe, hasundergone metamorphism the Barrow-type medium-pressure metamorphism in the greenschist facies is overlain bythe tectonic contact of the Sarıağaç unit with the ductile conditions. The Kapıdağ nappe, which forms a regular andthick sequence, begins with a probable infra- cambrian aged assemblage in the base consisting of dolomite, marble,muscovite-quartz schist and chlorite schist alternation. This assemblage is overlain by low-grade metamorphics ofTauride units consist of quartzite, meta-carbonate and schists derived from Hüdai, Çaltepe and Seydişehir formationsin Cambro-Ordovician aged. All these metamorphic units are unconformably overlain by conglomerates belongingto Late Eocene-Oligocene Anamur Formation and then Hadim nappe thrusted over to all units. The metamorphism (M1) conditions of the high grade schists of the Sarıağaç unit are 7.7±0.7 kbar and 670±20°C.This high-grade assemblage underwent retrogration 5.1±0.3 kbar and 480±40°C (M2) in conditions. The dating ofthis metamorphism is 75-73 Ma (Campanian) based on Ar/Ar white mica aging. The age of M1 metamorphism couldnot be directly determined. Zircon ages of 550.2±8.2 Ma (U/Pb), which is interpreted as the age of crystallizationof the primary acidic magmatics and the meta-aplites intersecting the regional foliation which is product of M1metamorphism suggest that this metamorphism affecting the basement is probably Precambrian aged.This data also reveals that the primary metaclastic rocks of the basement-forming metamorphic rocks are Precambrianaged. Given the paleogeographic location of the Alanya massif and geochronological data, the M1 metamorphismmay be associated with the integration process of Gondwana’s Late Neoproterozoic. This high-grade basement wasoverprinted by the M2 metamorphism developed from the greenschist facies in the Late Cretaceous, associated withthe closure of the southern part of the Neotethys ocean.

  • Anamur

  • Gondwana

  • metamorphism

  • sillimanite


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