Türkiye Jeoloji Bülteni
TÜRKİYE JEOLOJİ DERGİSİ
Editörler Kurulu Yayın Kurulu Dergi Künyesi
Türkiye Jeoloji Bülteni
ISSN: 1016-9164 | e-ISSN: 2564-6745 | Yayın Aralığı: Yılda 3 Sayı | Yayın Başlangıç Yılı: 1947
Son Sayıyı Görüntüle

Türkiye Jeoloji Bülteni, ülkemizin en köklü (1947`den beri) yerbilimleri dergilerinden biri olarak üst düzey araştırma makalelerini hakemlerin inceleme sürecinden geçtikten sonra Türkçe veya İngilizce olarak yayınlamakta ve elektronik ortamda sınırlama olmaksızın erişime açmaktadır.

Türkiye Jeoloji Bülteni, Mühendislik Jeolojisi dışında yerbilimlerinin tüm dalları ile ilgili makaleler yayınlamaktadır. 

Türkiye Jeoloji Bülteni makale dizin ve özleri GeoRef, Geotitles, Geoscience Documentation, Bibliography of Economic Geology, Geology, Geo Archive, Geo Abstract, Mineralogical Abstract, ProQuest, GEOBASE, EBSCO, BIOSIS ULAKBİM (TRDİZİN) ve Thomson Reuters&Clavirate (ESCI) veri tabanlarında yer almaktadır.

Türkiye Jeoloji Bülteni, Ocak, Nisan ve Ağustos aylarında olmak üzere yılda 3 kez yayınlanmaktadır. Dergiye sunulan makaleler alanında uzman hakemler tarafından (peer review) değerlendirilmektedir.

Dergiye makale sunmak için DergiPark Makale Gönderme Sistemini kullanabilirsiniz.

Türkiye Jeoloji Bülteni`nin 1947`den beri yayımlanan tüm sayılarına ulaşmak için;  https://tjb.jmo.org.tr/

Editörle bağlantı kurmak için; tjbdergi@gmail.com e-posta adresini kullanınız.

2026 NİSAN Cilt 69 Sayı 2

KAPAK
PDF Olarak Görüntüle
KÜNYE
PDF Olarak Görüntüle
İÇİNDEKİLER
PDF Olarak Görüntüle
Yapay Zeka Destekli Araştırmalarda, Tahminin Yorumlamayı Gölgede Bıraktığı Durumlar: Jeolojide Veri Odaklı Yanılsama
Oğuz Mülayim
PDF Olarak Görüntüle
  • Açıklanabilir yapay zeka

  • fizik bilgili makine öğrenmesi

  • jeolojik yorum

  • tahmin modelleri

  • yapay zeka

  • Bergen, K. J., Johnson, P. A., de Hoop, M. V., Beroza, G. C. (2019). Machine learning for data-driven discovery in solid Earth geoscience. Science, 363, Article eaau0323. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aau0323

  • Breiman, L. (2001). Statistical modeling: the two cultures. Statistical Science, 16(3), 199-231.

  • Karpatne, A., Atluri, G., Faghmous, J. H., Steinbach, M., Banerjee, A., Ganguly, A., Shekhar, S., Samatova, N., Kumar, V. (2017). Theory-Guided Data Science: A New Paradigm for Scientific Discovery from Data. IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data Engineering, 29(10), 2318- 2331. https://doi.org/10.1109/TKDE.2017.2720168

  • Lary, D. J., Alavi, A. H., Gandomi, A. H., Walker, A. L. (2016). Machine learning in geosciences and remote sensing. Geoscience Frontiers, 7(1), 3-10. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gsf.2015.07.003

  • Lundberg, S.M., Lee, S.-I. (2017). A unified approach to interpreting model predictions. Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems, 30, 4765- 4774.

  • Molnar, C. (2022). Interpretable Machine Learning: A Guide for Making Black Box Models Explainable. https://christophm.github.io/interpretable-mlbook/

  • Raissi, M., Perdikaris, P., Karniadakis, G. E. (2019). Physics-informed neural networks: A deep learning framework for solving forward and inverse problems involving nonlinear partial differential equations. Journal of Computational Physics, 378, 686-707. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcp.2018.10.045

  • Reichstein, M., Camps-Valls, G., Stevens, B., Jung, M., Denzler, J., Carvalhais, N., Prabhat, (2019). Deep learning and process understanding for datadriven Earth system science. Nature, 566, 195- 204. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-019-0912-1

  • Ribeiro, M. T., Singh, S., Guestrin, C. (2016). “Why Should I Trust You?”: Explaining the Predictions of Any Classifier. Proceedings of the 22nd ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, 1135-1144. https://doi.org/10.1145/2939672.2939778

  • Rolnick, D., Donti, P. L., Kaack, L. H., Kochanski, K., Lacoste, A., Sankaran, K., Ross, A. S., MilojevicDupont, N., Jaques, N., Waldman-Brown, A., Luccioni, A., Maharaj, T., Sherwin, E. D., Mukkavilli, S. K., Kording, K. P., Gomes, C., Ng, A. Y., Hassabis, D., Platt, J. C., Bengio, Y. (2019). Tackling Climate Change with Machine Learning. arXiv:1906.05433. https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.1906.05433

  • Rudin, C. (2019). Stop explaining black box machine learning models for high stakes decisions and use interpretable models instead. Nature Machine Intelligence, 1, 206-215. https://doi.org/10.1038/s42256-019-0048-x










  • APA

  • AMA

  • Chicago

  • EndNote

  • IEEE

  • ISNAD

  • JAMA

  • MLA

  • Vancouver

    • Kula (Batı Türkiye) Vezirler Karmaşığındaki Listvenitik Hidrotermal Alterasyonunun Uzaktan Algılanması: Landsat-7 ETM+, Crosta-PCA ve Bant-Oranı Haritalaması
    Semih Eski Mehmet Akbulut
    PDF Olarak Görüntüle
  • Bant oranları

  • Crosta-PCA

  • demir oksit

  • Kula

  • Landsat-7 ETM+

  • listvenit

  • karbonat alterasyonu

  • uzaktan algılama

  • Abrams, M. J., Brown, D., Lepley, L. & Sadowski, R. (1983). Remote sensing for porphyry copper deposits in Southern Arizona. Economic Geology, 78, 591-604. https://doi.org/10.2113/ gsecongeo.78.4.591

  • Akbulut, M., Pişkin, Ö. & Göncüoğlu, M. C. (2006). Genesis of the carbonatized and silicified rocks (listwaenites) as a result of alteration of ultramafics, Mihalıççık region, NW Turkey. Geological Journal, 41(5), 557–580. https://doi.org/10.1002/gj.1058

  • Akbulut, M., Tokcaer, M. & Büçkün, Z. (2024). Carbonatization and silicification of peridotites within the Vezirler ophiolitic mélange (KulaManisa, Western Türkiye): A natural analogue for CO2 sequestration. Ofioliti, 49(2). https://doi.org/10.4454/ofioliti.v49i2.569

  • Aydal, D. (1990). Gold-bearing listwaenites in the Arac massif, Kastamonu, Turkey. Terra Nova, 2, 43–52. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3121.1990. tb00035.x

  • Aydal, D., Vural, A., Taşdelen, İ. U. & Aydal, E. G. (2007). Alakeçi-Kısacık (Bayramiç-Balıkesir) Cevherleşme Bölgesinin Landsat 7 Etm+ Kullanılarak Crosta Tekniği ile İncelenmesi, Selçuk Üniversitesi Mühendislik, Bilim ve Teknoloji Dergisi, 22(3), 29-40.

  • Aytaç, A. S. & Demir, T. (2023). The Kula–Salihli UNESCO Geopark: Spectacular records of Quaternary volcanism, fluvial and landscape evolution and Quaternary environmental change. Proceedings of the Geologists’ Association, 134(4), 416–431. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pgeola.2022.08.002

  • Barbot, S. & Weiss, J. R. (2021) Connecting subduction, extension and shear localization across the Aegean Sea and Anatolia. Geophysical Journal International, 226(1), 422-445. https://doi.org/10.1093/gji/ggab078

  • Barka A. A. (1992). The north Anatolian Fault Zone. Annales Tectonicae, 6, 164-165.

  • Binal, A. & Ercanoğlu, M. (2010). Assessment of rockfall potential in the Kula (Manisa, Turkey) Geopark Region. Environmental Earth Sciences, 61(7), 1361–1373. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12665-010-0454-1

  • Bishop, J. L., Fröschl, H. & Mancinelli, R. L. (1998). Alteration processes in volcanic soils and identification of exobiologically important weathering products on Mars using remote sensing. Journal of Geophysical Research, 103(E13): 31457–31476. https://doi.org/10.1029/1998JE900008

  • Bozkurt, E. (2001). Neotectonics of Turkey – a synthesis. Geodinamica Acta, 14(1-3), 3-30. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0985-3111(01)01066-X

  • Boztuğ, D., Harlavan, Y., Arslan, M. & Temizel, I. (1994). Geological setting, mineralogy and precious metal content of the listwaenitic rocks in the Alacahan region, SE Sivas. Journal of Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Çukurova University, Special issue, 163–177.

  • Chavez, P. S. (1996). Image-based atmospheric corrections-revisited and improved. Photogrammetric engineering and remote sensing, 62(9), 1025-1035.

  • Çiftçi, Y. (1998). Metalogeny of the ophiolites in the İmranlı–Refahiye area. In Symposium of Geology and Geophysics of the First 50 Years of the Republic of Turkey (Abstract, p. 91).

  • Colman, S. M. (1982). Chemical weathering of basalts and andesites: Evidence from weathering rinds. Geological Society of America Bulletin, 93(4), 322–334. https://doi.org/10.3133/pp1246

  • Crosta, A. P. & Moore, J. M. (1989). Enhancement of Landsat Thematic Mapper imagery for residual soil mapping in SW Minas Gerais State, Brazil: A prospecting case history in greenstone belt terrain. In 9th Thematic Conference on Remote Sensing for Exploration Geology, Calgary, Canada. Ann Arbor (MI): ERIM, 1173–1187.

  • Enoh, M. A., Njoku, R. E. & Igbokwe, E. C. (2021). Geospatial interpretation of onshore hydrocarbon micro-seepage induced alterations in soils and sediments by spectral enhancement techniques. International Journal of Design & Nature and Ecodynamics, 16(3), 307–313. https://doi.org/10.18280/ijdne.160309

  • Ercan, T. (1981). Kula Yöresinin Jeolojisi ve Volkanitlerin Petrolojisi [Geology of Kula Region and Pertology of Volcanics] [Unpublished Doctoral Dissertation, Phd Thesis]. Istanbul University.

  • Ercan, T. & Öztunalı, Ö. (1982). Characteristic features and “base surges” bed forms of Kula volcanics. Türkiye Jeoloji Bülteni (Türkiye Jeoloji Kurumu Bülteni), 25(2), 117–125. https://jmo.org.tr/resimler/ekler/ec31f2fd081e5a3_ek.pdf

  • Ercan, T., Günay, E., Dinçel, A., Türkecan, A. ve Küçükayman, A. (1980). Kula-Selendi Yörelerinin Jeolojisi ve Volkanitlerin Jeolojisi (Rapor No: 6801). MTA Raporu.

  • Ercan, T., Fujitani, T. & Matsuda, J-I. (1992). Kula (W. Anatolia) Quaternary volcanism: Petrology and geochemistry. Geologica Balcanica, 22(5), 45–56.

  • Erkan, K. (2015). Geothermal investigations in western Anatolia using equilibrium temperature logs from shallow boreholes. Solid Earth, 6, 103–119. https://doi.org/10.5194/se-6-103-2015

  • Erler, A. & Larson, L. T. (1990). Genetic classification of gold occurrences of the Aegean region of Turkey. In M. Y. Savaşçın & A. H. Eronat (Eds.), Proceedings of the International Earth Sciences Congress on Aegean Regions (IESCA-1990) (Vol. 2, pp. 12–23). Dokuz Eylül University.

  • Genç, Y., Aydın, N. & Tüysüz, N. (1990). Listwaenites related to Narman Hg–Sb mineralization in the eastern Pontides of NE Turkey. In Proceedings of the International Earth Sciences Congress on Aegean Regions (IESCA-1990) (Vol. 1, p. 399). Dokuz Eylül University.

  • Gomboš, M. (2012). The Impact of Clay Minerals on Soil Hydrological Processes. In: Valášková, M. & Martynková, G.S. (Eds.), Clay Minerals in Nature-Their Characterization, Modification and Application (pp. 119–147). InTechOpen, Rijeka. https://doi.org/10.5772/47748

  • Heineke, C., Niedermann, S., Hetzel, R. & Akal, C. (2016). Surface Exposure Dating of Holocene Basalt Flows and Cinder Cones in The Kula Volcanic Field (Western Turkey) Using Cosmogenic 3 He and 10Be. Quaternary Geochronology, 34, 81-91. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quageo.2016.04.004

  • Johnson, K. E. & Koperski, K. (2017). WorldView-3 SWIR land use land cover mineral classification: Cuprite, Nevada. Proceedings of Pecora 20 – Observing a Changing Earth; Science for Decisions Monitoring, Assessment, and Projection (Sioux Falls, SD, 13–16 November 2017). American Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing (ASPRS), 7 s.

  • Jones, H. L. (1929). Strabo: Geography, Volume VI (Books 13–14). Loeb Classical Library 223. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press; London: William Heinemann.

  • Kayadibi, Ö. (2008). Mineral Haritalamada Bant Oranlama ve Crosta Metotları ile Elde Edilen Sonuçların Jeoistatistiksel Olarak Karşılaştırılması. II. Uzaktan Algılama ve CBS Sempozyumu (UZAL-CBS 2008), 13–15 Ekim, Kayseri (Erciyes Üniversitesi).

  • Khaleghi, M., Ranjbar, H., Abedini, A. & Calagari, A. A. (2020). Synergetic use of the Sentinel-2, ASTER, and Landsat-8 data for hydrothermal alteration and iron oxide minerals mapping in a mine scale. Acta Geodynamica et Geomaterialia, 17(2), 311– 328. https://doi.org/10.13168/agg.2020.0023

  • Kılıç, G., Aydoğan, M. S. & Kumral, M. (2018). Preliminary results of the radiolarian-chert hosted manganese deposit within the Vezirler ophiolitic mélange (Kula-Manisa, western Turkey): constraints on the origin, paleo-redox conditions, and depositional environments. Arabian Journal of Geosciences, 11(20), Article 628. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12517-018-3984-6

  • Koç, F. & Kadıoğlu, Y. K. (1996). Mineralogy, geochemistry and precious metal content of Karacakaya (Yunusemre–Eskişehir) listwaenites. Ofioliti, 21(2), 125–130.

  • Larson, L. T., & Erler, A. (1992). Geologic settings and geochemical signatures of twenty-two precious metal prospects in Turkey. In International Symposium on Eastern Mediterranean Geology (No. 20, pp. 9–28).

  • Leo, G. W., Önder, E., Kılıç, M. & Avcı, M. (1978). Geology and mineral resources of the Kuluncak– Sofular area (Malatya, K-39a1 and K-39a2 quadrangles), Turkey. (U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin, 1429). U.S. Geological Survey.

  • Lillesand, T. M., Kiefer, R. W. & Chipman, J. W. (2015). Remote Sensing and Image Interpretation (7th ed.). Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons.

  • Liu, L., Zhuang, D., Zhou, J. & Qiu, D. (2011). Alteration mineral mapping using masking and Crosta technique for mineral exploration in mid-vegetated areas. International Journal of Remote Sensing, 32(7), 1931–1944. https://doi. org/10.1080/01431161003639678

  • Moix, P., Beccaletto, L., Kozur, H. W., Hochard, C., Rosselet, F. & Stampfli, G. M. (2008). A new classification of the Turkish terranes and sutures and its implication for the paleotectonic history of the region. Tectonophysics, 451(1–4), 7–39. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tecto.2007.11.044

  • Orynbassarova, E., Ahmadi, H., Adebiyet, B., Bekbotayeva, A., Abdullayeva, T., Beiranvand Pour, A., Ilyassova, A., Serikbayeva, E., Talgarbayeva, D. & Bermukhanova, A. (2025). Mapping alteration minerals associated with Aktogay porphyry copper mineralization in eastern Kazakhstan using Landsat-8 and ASTER satellite sensors. Minerals, 15(3), Article 277. https://doi.org/10.3390/min15030277

  • Oygür, V. & Erler, A. (1999). Intra-plate related carbonatite-hosted bastnaesite-fluorite-barite deposits at the Kızılcaören carbonatite complex, NW Anatolia, Turkey. In Proceedings of the fifth biennial SGA meeting and the tenth quadrennial IAGOD symposium (Vol. 1, pp. 225–228).

  • Reçber, A., Karakaya, N. & Yavuz, F. (1997). Opal occurrences in the listwaenites. In 10th annual meeting of the Mineralogical Society of Turkey (Abstracts, p. 9).

  • Rencz, A. N. & Ryerson, R. A. (1999). Manual of Remote Sensing. Volume 3: Remote sensing for the Earth sciences (3rd ed.). New York: John Wiley & Sons.

  • Richardson-Bunbury, J. M. (1996). The Kula volcanic field, western Turkey: The development of a Holocene alkali basalt province and the adjacent normal-faulting graben. Geological Magazine, 133(3), 275–283.

  • Richardson-Bunbury, J. M., Hall, L., Anderson, G. J. & Stannard, A. (2001). The determination of fault movement history from the interaction of local drainage with volcanic episodes. Geological Magazine, 138(2), 185–192. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0016756801005271

  • Segal, D. (1982). Theoretical basis for differentiation of ferric-iron bearing minerals, using Landsat MSS data. In: Proceedings of the Symposium for remote sensing of environment, 2nd Thematic Conference on Remote Sensing for Exploratory Geology, Fort Worth, TX (pp. 949-951).

  • Şen, E. (2002). Kula Bölgesi (Batı Anadolu, Türkiye) Volkanizmasının Volkanolojik-Petrolojik Gelişiminin İncelenmesi [Yayımlanmamış Doktora Tezi]. Hacettepe Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Jeoloji Mühendisliği Anabilim Dalı, Ankara.

  • Şengör, A. M. C., Görür, N. & Şaroğlu, F. (1985). Strike-slip faulting and related basin formation in zones of tectonic escape: Turkey as a case study. In Biddle, K. & Christie-Blick, N. (Eds.), Strike-slip Deformation, Basin Formation and Sedimentation. Society of Economic Paleontologists and Mineralogists, Special Publication, 37, 227-264. https://doi.org/10.2110/pec.85.37.0211

  • Silva, I. M. G., Moura, W. A., Correia, O. & Souza Neto, J.A. (2020). Early evidence of pyrometamorphism and a late hydrothermal alteration related to Albian volcanism in the Pernambuco sedimentary basin, northeast Brazil. Journal of South American Earth Sciences, 104, Article 102907. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsames.2020.102907

  • Tangestani, M. H. & Moore, F. (2001). Comparison of three principal component analysis techniques to porphyry copper alteration mapping: A case study, Meiduk area, Kerman, Iran. Canadian Journal of Remote Sensing, 27(2), 176–182. https://doi.org/10.1080/07038992.2001.10854931

  • Tokçaer, M., Agostini, S. & Savaşçın, M. Y. (2005). Geotectonic setting and origin of the youngest Kula volcanics (Western Anatolia), with a new emplacement model. Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences, 14(2), 143–166.

  • Tüysüz, N. & Erler, A. (1993). Geochemistry and evolution of listwaenites in the Kağızman region (Kars, NE Turkey). Chemie der Erde, 53, 315– 329.

  • Uçurum, A. (1996). Geology, geochemistry and mineralization of the silica–carbonate alteration (listwaenite) from Late Cretaceous ophiolitic mélanges at Cürek–Divriği (Sivas Province) and at Güvenç, Karakuz–Hekimhan (Malatya Province), Central East Turkey [Unpublished doctoral dissertation]. University of Nevada, Reno.

  • Uçurum, A. (2000). Listwaenites in Turkey: Perspectives on formation and precious metal concentration with reference to occurrences in east-central Anatolia. Ofioliti, 25(1), 15–29.

  • Uçurum, A. & Larson, L. T. (1999). A gold-bearing listwaenite at the Kızıltepe ophiolite, SW Turkey. In Proceedings of the fifth biennial SGA meeting and the tenth quadrennial IAGOD symposium (Vol. 2, pp. 841–844).

  • Üner, T. (2020). Listwaenitization and enrichment of precious metals in the hydrothermal mineralization zones of serpentinites in Sugeçer (Van, Eastern Anatolia, Turkey). Geochemistry: Exploration, Environment, Analysis, 20(1), 68–79. https://doi.org/10.1144/geochem2018-087

  • van der Meer, F. D., van der Werff, H. M. A., van Ruitenbeek, F. J. A., Hecker, C. A., Bakker, W. H., Noomen, M. F., van der Meijde, M., Carranza, E. J. M., de Smeth, J. B. & Woldai, T. (2012). Multi- and hyperspectral geologic remote sensing: A review. International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation, 14(1), 112–128. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jag.2011.08.002

  • van Gorp, W., Maddy, D., Bridgland, D. R., Demir, T. & Veldkamp, A. (2013). Fluvial response to Holocene volcanic damming and breaching in the Gediz and Geren rivers, western Turkey. Geomorphology, 201, 430-448. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geomorph.2013.07.016

  • Yavuz, H., Demir, Y., Kasapçı, C., Uysal, İ. & Helvacı, C. (2022). Geology and genesis of the Silica-Listwaenite hosted Kaymaz gold deposit, Eskişehir, NW-Turkey: Implications from fluid inclusions and pyrite chemistry. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences: X, Article 100104. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaesx.2022.100104










  • APA

  • AMA

  • Chicago

  • EndNote

  • IEEE

  • ISNAD

  • JAMA

  • MLA

  • Vancouver

    • Güney Shetland Yayı (Batı Antarktika) Boyunca Çok Seviyeli Mafik Magma Yerleşimine Karşılaştırmalı Bir Örnek: Dee ve Cecilia İntrüzyonları
    Alp Ünal
    PDF Olarak Görüntüle
  • Gabro

  • Güney Shetland Adaları

  • jeotermobarometre

  • mineral kimyası

  • petrograf

  • Altunkaynak, Ş., Aldanmaz, E., Güraslan, I. N., Çalışkanoğlu, A. Z., Ünal, A. & Nývlt, D. (2018). Lithostratigraphy and petrology of Lachman Crags and Cape Lachman lava-fed deltas, Ulu Peninsula, James Ross Island, north-eastern Antarctic Peninsula: Preliminary results. Czech Polar Reports, 8(1). https://doi.org/10.5817/CPR2018-1-5

  • Altunkaynak, Ş., Ünal, A., Howarth, G. H., Aldanmaz, E. & Nývlt, D. (2019). The origin of low-Ca olivine from ultramafic xenoliths and host basaltic lavas in a back-arc setting, James Ross Island, Antarctic Peninsula. Lithos, 342-343, 276-287. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lithos.2019.05.039

  • Altunkaynak, Ş., Aldanmaz, E. & Nývlt, D. (2022). Effects of mantle hybridization by interaction with slab derived melts in the genesis of alkaline lavas across the back-arc region of South Shetland subduction system. Journal of Petrology, 63(11), Article egac111. https://doi.org/10.1093/petrology/egac111

  • Altunkaynak, Ş., Aldanmaz, E., Velev, S., Forster, M. & Yang, J. H. (2025). Early Cretaceous to Eocene magmatic evolution of Livingston Island, South Shetland Archipelago: Geochronological and isotope geochemical constraints from intrusive suites. Lithos, 492-493, Article 107877. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lithos.2024.107877

  • Annen, C., Blundy, J. D., Leuthold, J. & Sparks, R. S. J. (2015). Construction and evolution of igneous bodies: Towards an integrated perspective of crustal magmatism. Lithos, 230, 206–221. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lithos.2015.05.008

  • Bacon, C. R. & Hirschmann, M. M. (1988). Mg/Mn partitioning as a test for equilibrium between coexisting Fe–Ti oxides. American Mineralogist, 73(1–2), 57–61.

  • Bastías, J., Chew, D., Villanueva, C., Riley, T., Manfroi, J., Trevisan, C. … & Jaña, R. (2023). The South Shetland Islands, Antarctica: Lithostratigraphy and geological map. Frontiers in Earth Science, 10, Article 1002760. https://doi.org/10.3389/feart.2022.1002760

  • Berrocoso, M., Fernández-Ros, A., Prates, G., García, A. & Kraus, S. (2016). Geodetic implications on block formation and geodynamic domains in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctic Peninsula. Tectonophysics, 666, 211–219. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tecto.2015.10.023

  • Brey, G. P. & Köhler, T. (1990). Geothermobarometry in four-phase Lherzolites II. New thermobarometers, and practical assessment of existing thermobarometers. Journal of Petrology, 31(6), 1353–1378. https://doi.org/10.1093/petrology/31.6.1353

  • Brown, M. (2013). Granite: From genesis to emplacement. Geological Society of America Bulletin, 125(7–8), 1079–1113. https://doi.org/10.1130/B30877.1

  • Cao, M., Hollings, P., Cooke, D. R., Evans, N. J., McInnes, B. I., Qin, K. & Baker, M. (2018). Physicochemical processes in the magma chamber under the Black Mountain porphyry Cu– Au deposit, Philippines: Insights from mineral chemistry and implications for mineralization. Economic Geology, 113(1), 63–82. https://doi.org/10.5382/econgeo.2018.4544

  • Dalziel, I. W. D. & Elliot, D. H. (1982). West Antarctica: Problem child of Gondwanaland. Tectonics, 1(1), 3–19. https://doi.org/10.1029/TC001i001p00003

  • de Silva, S. L., Riggs, N. R. & Barth, A. P. (2015). Quickening the pulse: Fractal tempos in continental arc magmatism. Elements, 11(2), 113–118. https://doi.org/10.2113/gselements.11.2.113

  • Ducea, M. N., Paterson, S. R. & DeCelles, P. G. (2015). High-volume magmatic events in subduction systems. Elements, 11(2), 99–104. https://doi.org/10.2113/gselements.11.2.99

  • Ducea, M. N., Bergantz, G. W., Crowley, J. L. & Otamendi, J. (2017). Ultrafast magmatic buildup and diversification to produce continental crust during subduction. Geology, 45(3), 235–238. https://doi.org/10.1130/G38726.1

  • Dumont, J. F., Santana, E., Hervé, F. & Zapata, C. (2006). Regional structures and geodynamic evolution of North Greenwich (Fort Williams Point) and Dee Islands, South Shetland Islands. In Fütterer, D.K., Damaske, D., Kleinschmidt, G., Miller, H. & Tessensohn, F. (Eds.), Antarctica, Contributions to Global Earth Sciences (pp.: 255– 260). Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-32934-X_31

  • Dungan, M. A. & Rhodes, J. M. (1978). Residual glasses and melt inclusions in basalts from DSDP Legs 45 and 46: evidence for magma mixing. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 67(4), 417-431. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00383301

  • Fitzgerald, P. G. (2002). Tectonics and landscape evolution of the Antarctic plate since the breakup of Gondwana, with an emphasis on the West Antarctic Rift System and the Transantarctic Mountains. In J. A. Gamble, D. N. B. Skinner & S. Henry (Eds.), Antarctica at the Close of a Millennium, Royal Society of New Zealand Bulletin, 35, 453–469.

  • Guterch, A., Grad, M., Janik, T., Perchuć, E. & Pajchel, J. (1985). Seismic studies of the crustal structure in West Antarctica 1979–1980—preliminary results. Tectonophysics, 114(1–4), 411–429. https://doi.org/10.1016/0040-1951(85)90024-1

  • Haase, K. M., Beier, C., Fretzdorff, S., Smellie, J. L. & Garbe-Schönberg, D. (2012). Magmatic evolution of the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica, and implications for continental crust formation. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 163(6), 1103–1119. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00410-012-0719-7

  • Hawkesworth, C. J., Blake, S., Evans, P., Hughes, R., Macdonald, R., Thomas, L. E., Turner, S.P. & Zellmer, G. (2000). Time scales of crystal fractionation in magma chambers-integrating physical, isotopic and geochemical perspectives. Journal of Petrology, 41(7), 991-1006. https://doi.org/10.1093/petrology/41.7.991

  • Jankowski, E. J. & Drewry, D. J. (1981). The structure of West Antarctica from geophysical studies. Nature, 291, 17–21. https://doi.org/10.1038/291017a0

  • Jiang, W. P., E, D. C., Zhan, B. W. & Liu, Y. W. (2009). New model of Antarctic plate motion and its analysis. Chinese Journal of Geophysics, 52(1), 23–32. https://doi.org/10.1002/cjg2.1323

  • Kamenov, B. K. (2008). Multiepisodic dyke systems in Hurd Peninsula, Livingston Island, South Shetland Islands Volcanic Arc (Antarctica): Petrological and geochemical implications for their magma evolution. Geochemistry, Mineralogy and Petrology, 46, 103–142.

  • Karslı, O., Moghadam, H. S., Kandemir, R., Aydın, F., Santos, J. F. & Demir, Y. (2025). Cretaceous arc magmatism in the Antarctic subduction system: Insights from major and trace element geochemistry and Sr–Nd–Hf–Pb isotopes. Lithos, 516-517, Article 108277. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lithos.2025.108277

  • Keller, R. A., Fisk, M. R., White, W. M. & Birkenmajer, K. (1992). Isotopic and trace element constraints on mixing and melting models of marginal basin volcanism, Bransfield Strait, Antarctica. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 111(2–4), 287–303. https://doi.org/10.1016/0012-821X(92)90185-X

  • La Spina, G., Burton, M., de’ Michieli Vitturi, M. & Arzilli, F. (2016). Role of syn-eruptive plagioclase disequilibrium crystallization in basaltic magma ascent dynamics. Nature Communications, 7, Article 13402. https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms13402

  • Leat, P. T. & Riley, T. R. (2021). Antarctic Peninsula and South Shetland Islands: Volcanology. Geological Society, London, Memoirs, 55(1), 185–212. https://doi.org/10.1144/M55-2018-52

  • Leat, P. T., Scarrow, J. H. & Millar, I. L. (1995). On the Antarctic Peninsula batholith. Geological Magazine, 132(4), 399–412. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0016756800021464

  • Machado, A., Lima, E. F., Chemale Jr., F., Morata, D., Oteíza, O., Almeida, D. P. M. & Urrutia, J. L. (2005). Geochemistry constraints of Mesozoic– Cenozoic calc-alkaline magmatism in the South Shetland arc, Antarctica. Journal of South American Earth Sciences, 18(3–4), 407–425. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsames.2004.11.011

  • Moreno-Alfonso, S. C., Okumura, S., Kilgour, G., Ubide, T., Iizuka, Y., Yasutake, M., Uesugi K., Jegal Y., Mead S. & Zellmer, G. F. (2026). Short crystal residence times and fast magma ascent prior to effusive eruptions at Mount Ruapehu, New Zealand. Journal of Petrology, 67(2), Article egag005. https://doi.org/10.1093/petrology/egag005

  • Nixon, G. T. (1988). Petrology of the younger andesites and dacites of Iztaccíhuatl volcano, Mexico: II. Chemical stratigraphy, magma mixing, and the composition of basaltic magma influx. Journal of Petrology, 29(2), 265–303. https://doi.org/10.1093/petrology/29.2.265

  • Pankhurst, R. J. & Smellie, J. L. (1983). K–Ar geochronology of the South Shetland Islands, Lesser Antarctica: Apparent lateral migration of Jurassic to Quaternary island arc volcanism. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 66, 214–222. https://doi.org/10.1016/0012-821X(83)90137-1

  • Paterson, S. R. & Ducea, M. N. (2015). Arc magmatic tempos: Gathering the evidence. Elements, 11(2), 91–98. https://doi.org/10.2113/gselements.11.2.91

  • Paterson, S. R., Memeti, V., Mundil, R. & Žák, J. (2016). Repeated, multiscale, magmatic erosion and recycling in an upper-crustal pluton: Implications for magma chamber dynamics and magma volume estimates. American Mineralogist, 101(10), 2176– 2198. https://doi.org/10.2138/am-2016-5576

  • Petford, N., Cruden, A. R., McCaffrey, K. J. W. & Vigneresse, J. L. (2000). Granite magma formation, transport and emplacement in the Earth’s crust. Nature, 408(6813), 669–673. https://doi.org/10.1038/35047000

  • Petsch, C., Rosa, K. K. D., Oliveira, M. A. D., Velho, L. F., Silva, S. L., Sotille, M. E. & Simões, J. C. (2022). An inventory of glacial lakes in the South Shetland Islands (Antarctica): Temporal variation and environmental patterns. Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências, 94(Suppl. 1), Article e20210683. https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-37652022020210683

  • Putirka, K. D. (2008). Thermometers and barometers for volcanic systems. Reviews in Mineralogy and Geochemistry, 69(1), 61–120. https://doi. org/10.2138/rmg.2008.69.3

  • Riley, T. R., Burton-Johnson, A., Flowerdew, M. J. & Whitehouse, M. J. (2018). Episodicity within a midCretaceous magmatic flare-up in West Antarctica: U–Pb ages of the Lassiter Coast intrusive suite, Antarctic Peninsula, and correlations along the Gondwana margin. Geological Society of America Bulletin, 130(7–8), 1177–1196. https://doi.org/10.1130/B31800.1

  • Sauerzapf, U., Lattard, D., Burchard, M. & Engelmann, R. (2008). The titanomagnetite–ilmenite equilibrium: New experimental data and thermooxybarometric application to the crystallization of basic to intermediate rocks. Journal of Petrology, 49(6), 1161–1185. https://doi.org/10.1093/petrology/egn021

  • Schärer, U., Kornprobst, J., Beslier, M. O., Boillot, G. & Girardeau, J. (1995). Gabbro and related rock emplacement beneath rifting continental crust: U– Pb geochronological and geochemical constraints for the Galicia passive margin (Spain). Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 130(1–4), 187–200. https://doi.org/10.1016/0012-821X(94)00261-V

  • Smellie, J. L., Pankhurst, R. J., Thomson, M. R. A. & Davies, R. E. S. (1984). The geology of the South Shetland Islands: VI. Stratigraphy, geochemistry and evolution. British Antarctic Survey Scientific Reports, 87, 1–85.

  • Smellie, J. L. (2020). The role of volcanism in the making of Antarctica. In Oliva, M, & Ruiz-Fernández, J. (Eds.), Past Antarctica, Paleoclimatology and Climate Change (ss. 69–87). Academic Press. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-817925-3.00004-5

  • Smellie, J. L., Panter, K. S. & Geyer, A. (2021). Volcanism in Antarctica: 200 million years of subduction, rifting and continental break-up. Geological Society of London Memoirs, 55, 1–6. https://doi.org/10.1144/M55

  • Smith, J. V. & Brown, W. L. (1988). Feldspar minerals (2. Edt.). Springer-Verlag.

  • Stern, R. J. (2015). Magmatism at convergent plate boundaries. In Encyclopedia of Marine Geosciences (ss. 1–12). Springer.

  • Streck, M. J. (2008). Mineral textures and zoning as evidence for open system processes. Reviews in Mineralogy and Geochemistry, 69(1), 595-622. https://doi.org/10.2138/rmg.2008.69.15

  • Stimac, J. A. & Pearce, T. H. (1992). Textural evidence of mafic–felsic magma interaction in dacite lavas, Clear Lake, California. American Mineralogist, 77(7–8), 795–809.

  • Ünal, A. (2025). Preliminary results on the geology and petrography of the Burro Peaks and Cecilia intrusions, South Shetland Islands (Antarctica). In EGU General Assembly Conference Abstracts (EGU25-10432).

  • Zheng, G. G., Liu, X., Pei, J., Zhao, Y., Chen, H. & Li, J. (2022). Early Palaeogene mafic–intermediate dykes, Robert Island, West Antarctica: Petrogenesis, zircon U–Pb geochronology, and tectonic significance. Geological Journal, 57(6), 2209–2220. https://doi.org/10.1002/gj.4402










  • APA

  • AMA

  • Chicago

  • EndNote

  • IEEE

  • ISNAD

  • JAMA

  • MLA

  • Vancouver

    • Nadir Toprak Elementlerinin Jeolojik Oluşum Ortamları: Dünya ve Türkiye`den Örnekler
    Okay Çimen Cahit Dönmez
    PDF Olarak Görüntüle
  • Alkalen magmatizma

  • birincil jeolojik kaynaklar

  • ikincil jeoloji kaynakları

  • kritik mineraller

  • lateritleşme

  • nadir toprak elementleri

  • Ağrılı, H., Çubuk, Y., Kırbaş, H. & Yılmaz, M. (2023).Sivas-Karaçayır Ar:201400220 (Er:3315254) Numaralı Iv. Grup Ruhsat Sahasına Ait Maden Jeolojisi ve Kaynak Tahmin Raporu (Rapor No:14641), Maden Tetkik ve arama Genel Müdürlüğü. (In Turkish)

  • Alpaslan, M. & Boztuğ, D. (1997). The co-existence of the syncolg and post-colg plutons in the YıldızeliArea (W-Sivas). Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences, 6, 1-12.

  • Barakos, G., Mischo, H. & Gutzmer, J. (2015). Status Quo and Future Evaluations of Global Rare Earth Mining (with Respect to Special Rare Earth Element-industry Criteria). Third InternationalFuture Mining Conference / Sydney, NSW, pp.4-6.

  • Boztuğ, D., Türksever, E., Heizler, M., Jonckheere, R. C. & Tichomirowa, M. (2009). 207Pb- 206Pb, 40Ar-39Ar and apatite fission-track geothermochronology revealing the emplacement, cooling and exhumation history of the Karacayır Syenite (N Sivas), East Central Anatolia, Turkey.Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences, 18, 109-125.https://doi.org/10.3906/yer-0806-4

  • Boztuğ, D., Harlavan, Y., Arehart, G.B., Satır, M. & Avci, N. (2007). K-Ar age, whole-rock and isotope geochemistry of A-type granitoids in the Divriği-Sivas region, easterncentral Anatolia, Turkey. Lithos, 97(1-2), 193-218. https://doi. org/10.1016/j.lithos.2006.12.014

  • Boztuğ, D. (1998). Post-collisional central Anatolian alkaline plutonism, Turkey. Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences, 7(3), 145-165.

  • Canbaz, O. & Gökce, A. (2022). Davulalan A-type granitoid-associated Cu, Mo, Pb, Zn, and REEs mineralization, Central Anatolia, Turkey. Journalof African Earth Sciences, 196, Article 104665.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jafrearsci.2022.104665

  • Castor, S.B. (2008). The Mountain Pass Rare-Earth Carbonatite And Associated Ultrapotassic Rocks,California. The Canadian Mineralogist, 46(4),779-806. https://doi.org/10.3749/canmin.46.4.779

  • Chandler, R., Bhat, G., Mavrogenes, J., Knell, B., David, R. & Leggo, T. (2024). The primary geology of the Paleoproterozoic Mt Weld Carbonatite Complex, Western Australia. Journal of Petrology, 65(2), Article egae007. https://doi.org/10.1093/petrology/egae007

  • Chen, C., Wang, C. H., Wang, D. H., Qin, J. H., Lu, L., Dang, X. L., Fan, X. Y., Chen, X. R. & Zhang, W. (2020). U-Pb dating and Hf isotope characteristics of zircons from ore-forming parent rocks in the Qingyuan ion-adsorbed REE deposit, ZhejiangProvince, China. Acta Mineralogica Sinica, 40,58-72.

  • Chen, C., Wang, C. H., Wang, D. H., Qin, J. H., Lu, L., Dang, X. L., Fan, X. Y., Chen, X. R. & Zhang, W. (2020). U-Pb dating and Hf isotope characteristics of zircons from ore-forming parent rocks in the Qingyuan ion-adsorbed REE deposit, ZhejiangProvince, China. Acta Mineralogica Sinica, 40,58-72.

  • Cocker, M. D. (2012). Lateritic, supergene rare earth element (REE) deposits. In book: 48th Forum on the Geology of Industrial Minerals (pp.1-18)Chapter: 4. Arizona Geological Survey Special Paper 9.

  • Cook, N. J., Ciobanu, C. L., Wade, B. P., Gilbert, S. E. & Alford, R. (2023). Mineralogy and Distribution of REE in Oxidised Ores of the Mount Weld Laterite Deposit, Western Australia. Minerals, 13(5), Article 656. https://doi.org/10.3390/min13050656

  • Cooper, A. F., Boztuğ, D., Palin, J. M., Martin, C. E. & Numata, M. (2011). Petrology and petrogenesis of carbonatitic rocks in syenites from centralAnatolia, Turkey. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 161, 811-828.https://doi.org/10.1007/s00410-010-0566-3

  • Cox, J. J. & Fayram, T. (2013). NI 43-101 TechnicalReport on the Aksu Diamas Rare Earth Element Project, Isparta district, Turkey. AMK MineralInc. Toronto, Canada, 29 p.

  • Çimen, O. (2025). Nadir Toprak Elementleri ekosistemi ve doğru sanılan yanlışlar. Bilim ve Gelecek Dergisi, 258. https://bilimvegelecek.com.tr/ index.php/2025/10/01/nadir-toprak-elementleri- ekosistemi-ve-dogru-sanilan-yanlislar

  • Çimen, O., Ağrılı, H., Kuebler, C., Simonetti, A., Corcoran, L., Simonetti, S., Çolak, T., İnal, S. & Dönmez, C. (2022). Geochemical, isotopic and U-Pb geochronological investigation of the Late Cretaceous Karaçayır carbonatite (Sivas, Turkey): Insights in mantle sources within a post- collisional tectonic setting. Ore Geology Reviews, 141, Article 104650. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.oregeorev.2021.104650

  • Çimen, O., Corcoran, L., Kuebler, C., Simonetti, S. S. & Simonetti, A. (2020). Geochemical, stable (O, C, and B) and radiogenic (Sr, Nd, Pb) isotopic data from the Eskişehir-Kızılcaören (NW Anatolia) and the Malatya-Kuluncak (E-central Anatolia) F-REE-Th deposits, Turkey: implications for nature of carbonate-hosted mineralization. TurkishJournal of Earth Sciences, 29(5), 798-814.https://doi.org/10.3906/yer-2001-7

  • Deady, E., Lacinska, A., Goodenough, K. L., Shaw, R. & Roberts, N. M. W. (2019). Volcanic Derived Placers as a Potential Resource of Rare Earth Elements: The Aksu Diamas Case Study, Turkey.Minerals, 9(4), Article 208. https://doi.org/10.3390/min9040208

  • Deniz, K. (2022). Mica Types as Indication of Magma Nature, Central Anatolia, Turkey. Acta Geologica Sinica, 96(3), 844-857. https://doi.org/10.1111/1755-6724.14670

  • Ersoy, E. Y., Yavuz, H., Uysal, İ., Palmer, M. R. & Müller, D. (2025a). The Petrology of Tuffisite in a Trachytic Diatreme from the Kızılcaören Alkaline Silicate–Carbonatite Complex, NW Anatolia.Minerals, 15(8), Article 867. https://doi.org/10.3390/min15080867

  • Ersoy, E. Y., Chakrabarty, A., Müller, D., Uysal, İ., Candan, O., Köksal, S. & Yıldırım, A. (2025b).Mineralogy and petrology of the late cretaceous rinkite-bearing Başören nepheline-sodalite syenite, Central Türkiye. Lithos, 508-509, Article 108103. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lithos.2025.108103

  • EuRare Brochure. (2018). https://www.eurare.org/ docs/EURAREbrochure_vfinal.pdf

  • European Commission, (2020). Study on the EU’s list of Critical Raw Materials. https://rmis.jrc.ec.europa. eu/uploads/CRM_2020_Report_Final.pdf

  • Fan, H. R., Yang, K. F., Hu, F. F., Liu, S. & Wang, K. Y. (2016). The giant Bayan Obo REE-Nb-Fe deposit, China: Controversy and ore genesis. Geoscience Frontiers, 7(3), 335-344. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gsf.2015.11.005

  • Goodenough, K. M., Schilling, J., Jonsson, E., Kalvig, P., Charles, N., Tuduri, J., Deady, É. A., Sadeghi, M., Schiellerup, H., Müller, A., Bertrand, G., Arvanitidis, N., Eliopoulos, D. G., Shaw, R.A., Thrane, K. & Keulen, N. (2016). Europe’s rare earth resource potential: an overview of metallogenic provinces and their geodynamic setting. Ore Geology Reviews, 72(Part 1), 838– 856.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.oregeorev.2015.09.019

  • Goodenough, K., Wall, F. & Merriman, D. (2018).The Rare Earth Elements: Demand, Global Resources, and Challenges for Resourcing FutureGenerations. Natural Resources Research, 27,201-216.https://doi.org/10.1007/s11053-017-9336-5

  • Guo, W., Zhao, Z., Wang, C., Chen, X., Dang, X., Zhang, W. & Zhao, C. (2024). Micro-Topographic Controls on Rare Earth Element Accumulation and Fractionation in Weathering Profiles: Case Study of Ion-Adsorption Rare Earth Element Deposit in Hedi, Zhejiang Province, China. Minerals, 14(11), Article 1178. https://doi.org/10.3390/min14111178

  • Guyonnet, D., Planchon, M., Rollat, A., Escalon, V., Tuduri, J., Charles, N., Vaxelaire, S., Dubois, D. & Fargier, H. (2015). Material Flow Analysis Applied to Rare Earth Elements in Europe.Journal of Cleaner Production, 107, 215-228.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2015.04.123

  • Gültekin, A.H., Örgün, Y. & Suner, F. (2003).Geology, mineralogy and fluid inclusion data of the Kizilcaoren fluorite- barite- REE deposit,Eskisehir, Turkey. Journal of Asian EarthSciences, 21(4), 365-376. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1367-9120(02)00019-6

  • Güneş, H., Obuz, H. E., Akçay, H., Kara, Ç. & Erdem, A. (2023). Production of rare-earth oxides from Eskişehir-Beylikova complex ores. Bulletin of the Mineral Research and Exploration, 170, 87-97. https://doi.org/10.19111/bulletinofmre.1180222

  • Hanilçi, N. (2013). Geological and geochemical evolution of the Bolkardaǧı bauxite deposits, Karaman, Turkey: Transformation from shale tobauxite. Journal of Geochemical Exploration,133, 118-137.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gexplo.2013.04.004

  • Helvacı, C. (1984). Apatite-Rich Iron Deposits of the Avnik (Bingöl) Region, Southeastern Turkey.Economic Geology, 79(2), 354-371.https://doi.org/10.2113/gsecongeo.79.2.354

  • İnan, N. & İnan, S. (1999). New findings on the age and depositional conditions from the Tokus Formation(Sivas, Turkiye). Geological Bullettin of Turkey,42(1), 119-130. https://www.jmo.org.tr/resimler/ ekler/4ea0d5b0cf49525_ek.pdf

  • Jordens, A., Cheng, Y. P. & Waters, K. E. (2013). A review of the beneficiation of rare earth element bearingminerals. Minerals Engineering, 41, 97-114.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mineng.2012.10.017

  • Kadioglu, Y. K., Dilek, Y. & Foland, K. A. (2006). Slab break-off and syncollisional origin of the Late Cretaceous magmatism in the Central Anatolian crystalline complex. Geological Society of America, 409, 381-415. https://doi.org/10.1130/2006.2409(19)

  • Kaplan, H. (1977). Rare earth elements and thorium complex deposit of Kizilcaören village, Sivrihisar-Eskişehir, Turkey. Bulletin of Geological Engineering, 2, 69-76.

  • Kraeff, A. & Pasquare, G. (1966). Igneous Nephelıne- Bearıng Rocks of Çukurköy (Northern Part of Province of Kayseri, Turkey). Bulletin of theMineral Research and Exploration, 66, 121-125.

  • Kursunoglu, S., Hussaini, S., Top, S., Ichlas, Z. T., Gokcen, H. S., Ozsarac, S. & Kaya, M. (2021).Production of mixed rare earth oxide powder from a thorium containing complex Bastnaesite ore.Powder Technology, 379, 641–654.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.powtec.2020.10.086

  • Leo, G. W., Marvin, R. F. & Mehnert, H. H. (1974).Geological framework of Kuluncak–Sofular area, east-central Turkey, and K-Ar ages of igneousrocks. Geological Society of America Bulletin,85(11), 1785-1788. https://doi.org/10.1130/0016- 7606(1974)85%3C1785:GFOTKA%3E2.0.CO;2

  • Li, Y., Wu, L.G., Yu, Y., Yang, L., Selby, D., & Li, X.H. (2025). Paleozoic carbonatites controlled rare-earth-elements mineralization at Bayan Obo. Science Advances, 11(17) Article eads9481. https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.ads9481.

  • Liu, S. L., Fan, H. R., Liu, X., Meng, J., Butcher, A.R., Yann, L., Yang, K. F. & Li, X. C. (2023). Global Rare Earth Elements Projects: New Developments and Supply Chains. Ore Geology Reviews, 157, 1-11.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.oregeorev.2023.105428

  • Lottermoser, B. G. (1990). Rare-earth element mineralisation within the Mt. Weld carbonatite laterite, Western Australia. Lithos, 24(2), 151-167. https://doi.org/10.1016/0024-4937(90)90022-S

  • MİA, (2025). Nadir Toprak Elementleri ve Türkiye: Jeopolitik Satrançta Yeni Dinamikler ve Aktörler.Milli İstihbarat Akademisi. Türkiye. ss.: 25.

  • MTA, (1986). Kızılcaören Köyü (Sivrihisar, Eskişehir) Civarındaki Kompleks Cevher Yatağına Ait (Fluorit+Barit+Nadir Toprak Elementleri) Maden Jeolojisi Sonuç Raporu. MTA Genel MüdürlüğüMaden Etüt ve Arama Daire Başkanlığı (in Turkish).

  • Nikiforov, A. V., Öztürk, H., Altuncu, S. & Lebedev, V.A. (2014). Kizilcaören Ore-bearing Complex with Carbonatites (Northwestern Anatolia, Turkey): Formation Time and Mineralogy of Rocks.Geology of Ore Deposits, 56, 35-60.https://doi.org/10.1134/S107570151401005X

  • Okay, A. I. & Tüysüz, O. (1999). Tethyan sutures of northern Turkey. In Durand, B., Jolivet, L., Horváth, F. & Séranne, M. (Eds.), TheMediterranean Basins: Tertiary extension within the Alpine orogen”, Geological Society, London, Special Publication, 156, 475-515.https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.1999.156.01.22

  • Özaksoy, V. ve Gökten, E. (1996). The stratigraphy and tectonics of Özvatan-Felahiye (Kayseri). TürkiyeJeoloji Bülteni, 39(1), 31-42.https://www.jmo.org.tr/resimler/ekler/31af583573227f0_ek.pdf

  • Özgenç, İ. & İlbeyli, N. (2009). Geochemical constraints on petrogenesis of Late Cretaceous alkaline magmatism in east-central Anatolia (Hasancelebi–Basören, Malatya), Turkey.Mineralogy and Petrology, 95, 71-85.https://doi.org/10.1007/s00710-008-0027-0

  • Özmen, Ö. & Koç, Ş. (2006). Farklı Renkteki Fluoritlerin Nadir Toprak Elementleri (NTE) Konsantrasyonu Kaman, Kırşehir, Türkiye. GaziÜniversitesi Mühendislik Mimarlık FakültesiDergisi, 21(2), 229-237.

  • Öztürk, H., Hanilçi, N., Altuncu, S. & Kasapçı, C. (2019). Rare earth element (REE) resources of Turkey: An overview of their characteristics andorigin. Bulletin of the Mineral Research and Exploration, 159, 129-143.https://doi.org/10.19111/bulletinofmre.471205

  • Pulat, O., Kırtıl, M., Ünlüer, A. T., Karakaş, M., Küçük, M., Ulutaş, A. M., Akgöz, M., Ateş, H., Omaç, M. B. & Türkan, Ö. (2025). Geochemical and geophysical relationship of the potassium- rich fenite zone in surface and subsurface investigations of the giant Kuluncak (Malatya) Nb-U-REE-Zr-Li mineralization. Bulletin of theMineral Research and Exploration, 178, 149-181.https://doi.org/10.19111/bulletinofmre.1812181

  • Pulat, O., Karakaş, M. & Yastı, M. A. (2022).Relationship of ore properties and alteration of the Büyük Kuluncak (Malatya) Nb - U -NTE - Zr -Li deposit. Bulletin of the Mineral Research and Exploration, 167, 127-148.https://doi.org/10.19111/bulletinofmre.973626

  • Qasim, M., Khan, S. D., Sisson, V., Greer, P., Xia, L., Okyay, U. & Franco, N. (2024). Identifying Rare Earth Elements Using a Tripod and Drone- Mounted Hyperspectral Camera: A Case Study of the Mountain Pass Birthday Stock and Sulphide Queen Mine Pit, California. Remote Sensing, 16(17), Article 3353. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs16173353

  • Sarıfakıoğlu, E., Özen, H. & Hall, C. (2009).Petrogenesis of extension-related alkaline volcanism in Karaburhan (Sivrihisar–Eskisehir),NW Anatolia, Turkey. Journal of Asian EarthScience, 35(6), 502-515. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jseaes.2009.03.002

  • She, H. D., Fan, H. R., Chen, B., Yang, K. F., Li, X.C. & Wang, Q. W. (2025). The occurrence and distribution of thorium in the giant Bayan Obo REE-Nb-Fe polymetallic deposit, China. Ore Geology Reviews, 186, Article 106883. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.oregeorev.2025.106883

  • Schuiling, R. D. (1961). Formation of pegmatitic carbonatite in a syenite-marble contact, Nature, 192, 1280. https://doi.org/10.1038/1921280a0

  • Solmaz, O.M. (1983). Çukur (Kayseri) bölgesi siyenitik kompleksinin petrolojik etüdü [Unpublished Ph.D.thesis]. Istanbul Technical University (Istanbul), 82 p.

  • Stumpfl, E. F. & Kırıkoğlu, M. S. (1986). Fluorite– barite–rare earth deposit at Kızılcaören,Turkey. Mitteilungen der Österreichischen Geographischen Gesellschaft, 78, 193-200.

  • Şaşmaz, A. & Yavuz, F. (2007). REE geochemistry and fluid-inclusion studies of fluorite deposits from the Yaylagözü area (Yıldızeli-Sivas) in CentralTurkey. Neues Jahrbuch für Mineralogie, 183(2),215-226.https://doi.org/10.1127/0077-7757/2007/0077

  • Tavlı, F., Gücer M.A., Çimen, O., Akal, C., Ersoy, E.M., Uysal, İ., Ağrılı, H., Dönmez, C. & Çolak, T. (2024). Geochemical and Geochronological Characteristics of the Davulalan Pluton (Sivas, Türkiye) from the Central Anatolian Crystalline Complex. Çan, T., Tekin, S., Pınarcı, E., Kadakçı Koca, T., Koçkar, M. K., Olgun, Ş., Güler, C., Sarı, E. & Tiringa, D. (Eds.), 76th Geological Congressof Turkey with international participation,Abstracts book (p.: 183). April 15-19, 2024, Ankara, Turkey.

  • Uras, Y., Yalçın, C., İlbeyli, N. & Tapınç, B. G. (2020).Hayriye (Felahiye-Kayseri) Floritlerinin Nadir Toprak Element (NTE) Jeokimyası. Nigde OmerHalisdemir University Journal of EngineeringSciences, 9(1), 461-471 (in Turkish with English abstract). https://doi.org/10.28948/ngumuh.604350

  • Ünlüer, A. T., Budakoğlu, M., Doner, Z. & Abdelnasser, A. (2023). The evolution of the REE-bearing Özvatan nepheline syenite-carbonatite complex, Central Turkey: Mineralogical, geochemical, and stable isotopic approaches. Minerals, 13(6), Article 667. https://doi.org/10.3390/min13050667

  • Ünlüler, A.T., Doner, Z., Ünal, A., Kamaci, Ö., Kaya, M., Öztürk, S. & Kumral, M. (2024). The first finding of a highly evolved Mg-rich carbonatite intrusion in NW Anatolia (Arıklı-Çanakkale).Geochemistry, 84(4), Article 126124. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemer.2024.126124

  • Walters, A, Lusty, P & Hill, A. (2011). Rare earthelements: mineral profile series [online], BritishGeological Survey, commodity profiles. https:// nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/12583/1/Rare_Earth_ Elements_profile.pdf

  • Wu, C., Yuan, Z. & Bai, G. 1996. Rare-earth Deposits in China. In Jones, A. P., Wall, F., Williams, C.T.(Eds.), Rare Earth Minerals: Chemistry, Originand Ore Deposits (pp. 281-310). Chapman and Hall, London.

  • Yeşilören Görmüş, N., Gürtekin, G., Erdem, A. & Gülmez, A. (2021). Kızılcaören (Sivrihisar) bölgesi nadir toprak element (NTE) içeren minerallerin mineral serbestleşme analiz (MLA) yöntemi kullanılarak tayini. International Journalof Pure and Applied Sciences 7(2), 251-264.https://doi.org/10.29132/ijpas.907212

  • Yıldırım, E., Yıldırım, N., Dönmez, C. & Günay, K. (2021). Geology of the Yeşilyurt gold deposit: an example of low-angle normal fault related mineralization, Eastern Anatolia-Turkey. MTA Dergisi, 164, 267-285 (in Turkish with English abstract). https://doi.org/10.19111/bulletinofmre.797729

  • Yılmaz, M. Ç., Gücer M. A., Çimen, O., Akal, C., Ersoy, E.M., Uysal, İ., Ağrılı, H., Dönmez, C. & Çolak, T. (2024). Whole Rock Geochemical and Zircon U-Pb Age Characteristics of Rare Earth Elements- Enriched Hayriye Pluton (Kayseri, Türkiye).Çan, T., Tekin, S., Pınarcı, E., Kadakçı Koca, T., Koçkar, M. K., Olgun, Ş., Güler, C., Sarı, E. &Tiringa, D. (Eds.), 76th Geological Congress of Turkey with international Participation, AbstractsBook (p.: 184), April 15-19, 2024, Ankara, Turkey.

  • Zhou, B., Li, Z. & Chen, C. (2017). Global Potential of Rare Earth Resources and Rare Earth Demand from Clean Technologies. Minerals, 7, Article 203. https://doi.org/10.3390/min7110203

  • Zhu, X., Zhang, B., Ma, G., Pan, Z., Hu, Z. & Zhang, B. (2022). Mineralization of ion-adsorption type rare earth deposits in Western Yunnan, China. Ore Geology Reviews, 148, Article 104984. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.oregeorev.2022.104984

  • Zhukova, I.A., Stepanov, A.S., Jiang, S.Y., Murphy, D., Mavrogenes, J., Allen, C., Chen, W. & Bottrill, R. (2021). Complex REE systematics of carbonatites and weathering products from uniquely rich Mount Weld REE deposit, Western Australia. Ore Geology Reviews, 139(B), Article 104539. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.oregeorev.2021.104539










  • APA

  • AMA

  • Chicago

  • EndNote

  • IEEE

  • ISNAD

  • JAMA

  • MLA

  • Vancouver

    • Türkiye`nin İlk Resmi Deprem Bölgeleri Haritası: 1945 Yer Sarsıntısı Bölgeleri Haritası
    Bülent Özmen Bahattin Murat Demir
    PDF Olarak Görüntüle
  • Afet risk azaltma yönetimi

  • deprem tehlikesi

  • harita

  • Nafia vekâleti

  • yer sarsıntısı

  • 1940 Zelzele Mıntıkaları Muvakkat Yapı Talimatnamesi. (1940). İmar ve İskân Bakanlığı.

  • 1945 Türkiye Yer Sarsıntıları Bölgeleri Haritası. (1945). Bayındırlık Bakanlığı.

  • Atabay, M. (2023). Atatürk ve Deprem. Tarih Araştırmaları Dergisi (TAD), 42(75), 3-22.

  • Atnur, İ. E. (2006). Reis-i Cumhur’un Doğu İnclemeleri (1924 Erzurum Depremi), Ebabil Yayınevi.

  • Aydın, N. ve Ergün, E. (2018). 1924 Erzurum Depremi ve Gazi Mustafa Kemal Paşa, Tarih ve Günce Atatürk ve Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Tarih Dergisi, I(2), 145-168

  • Bakanlar Kurulu Kararı (1996). Türkiye Deprem Bölgeleri Haritası. B.K.K.: 18.04.1996 gün ve 96/8109 sayılı Karar.

  • BCA (Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Cumhurbaşkanlığı Devlet Arşivleri Başkanlığı), (1945a). 1945 Bayındırlık Bakanlığının 11.06.1945 tarih ve 5898/6110 sayılı yazısı ile haritanın onaylanması için Başbakanlığa gönderilen yazı ile ilgili belge.

  • BCA (Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Cumhurbaşkanlığı Devlet Arşivleri Başkanlığı). (1945b). Haritanın onaylandığına gösteren Bakanlar Kurulu kararı ile ilgili belge,

  • BCA (Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Cumhurbaşkanlığı Devlet Arşivleri Başkanlığı). (1946a). Bayındırlık Bakanlığının 26.3.1946 tarih ve 3547/4014 sayılı yazısı ile ilgili belge.

  • BCA (Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Cumhurbaşkanlığı Devlet Arşivleri Başkanlığı). (1946b). Bakanlar Kurulunun 18.4.1946 gün ve 3/4058 sayılı kararı ile ilgili belge.

  • Demir, B. M., Ercan, S., Aktan, M. ve Öztaşkın, H. (2025). Türkiye’de Afet Yönetiminin 100 Yılı: Mevzuat, Planlama, Kurumsal Yapılanma ve İşleyiş. Afet ve Risk Dergisi, 8(1), 127-147.

  • Egeran, N. ve Lahn, E. (1944). 1/2.400.000 Mikyaslı Türkiye Yer Depremleri Haritası Hakkında Muhtıra. M.T.A. Mecmuası, 9(2/3), 270-289.

  • Erentöz, C., Ketin, İ., Alagöz, C.A., Baykal, F., Erguvanlı, K. Ve Ternek, Z. (1966). Ord. Prof. H. Nafiz Pamir’in 50nci Meslek Yılı Jübilesi. Türkiye Jeoloji Bülteni, 10(1-2), 1-30. https://izlik.org/ JA72XW57FZ

  • İlki, A. & Celep, Z. (2012). Earthquakes, Existing Buildings and Seismic Design Codes in Turkey. Arab J Sci Eng, 37, 365-380. https://doi. org/10.1007/s13369-012-0183-8

  • Ketin, İ. (1948). Über die Tektonisch-Mechanischen Folgerungen aus den Grossen Anatolischen Erdbeben des Letzten Dezenniums, Geologische Rundschau, 36, 77-83. https://doi.org/10.1007/ BF01791916

  • Ketin, İ. (1949). Son on yılda Türkiyede vukua gelen büyük depremlerin tektonik ve mekanik neticeleri hakkında, Türkiye Jeoloji Bülteni, 2(1), 1-13. https://izlik.org/JA74RE86LD

  • Okay, N. (2017). Türkiye’nin İlk Kadın Jeolog ve Deprem Uzmanı, Mavi Gezegen Popüler Bilim Dergisi, 23, 5-15.

  • Özalp, S. (2025). Türkiye’de Diri Fay ve Paleosismoloji Çalışmaları: Dünü ve Bugünü, 27 Mart 2025, TMMOB Jeoloji Mühendisleri Odası İzmir Şubesi, Zoom toplantısı saat 20:30, 2025. Erişim adresi: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=r7Tf6q-pXDY

  • Özkılıç, S. K. (2015). 1894 Depremi ve İstanbul, Türkiye İş Bankası Yayınları.

  • Özçep, F. (2018). Terrestrial Magnetism in The Ottoman Empire: Documents and Measurements. Earth Sciences History, 37(1), 1-24. https://www.jstor.org/stable/26853559

  • Özmen, B. (2012). Türkiye Deprem Bölgeleri Haritalarının Tarihsel Gelişimi. Türkiye Jeoloji Bülteni, 55(1), 43-55. https://izlik.org/JA99LC42JA

  • Pampal, S. ve Özmen, B. (2007). Türkiye’nin Deprem Gerçeği Deprem Bölgeleri Haritaları ve Yönetmeliklerinin Tarihsel Gelişimi. Ankara, 1028 s.

  • Pınar, N. ve Lahn, E. (1952). Türkiye Depremleri İzahlı Kataloğu, T.C. İmar ve İskan Bakanlığı. İmar Reisliği Yayınları, 6(36), 153 s.

  • Resmi Gazete, (1939, 30 Mayıs). Nafıa Vekâleti Teşkilât ve Vazifelerine Dair Kanun.

  • Resmi Gazete, (1944, 4 Nisan). Yersarsıntısından Evvel Ve Sonra Alınacak Tedbirler Hakkında Kanun (Y.E.S.A.T.H.K).

  • Resmi Gazete, (1948, 13 Şubat). Tehlikeli Yersarsıntısına Maruz Bölgeler Haritası ve Yerleşim Listesi.

  • Resmi Gazete, (1963, 24 Nisan). Yersarsıntısına Maruz Kalabilecek Bölgeler Haritası.

  • Resmi Gazete, (1972, 23 Aralık). Türkiye Deprem Bölgeleri Haritası ve Liste.

  • Resmi Gazete, (2018, 18 Mart). Türkiye Deprem Tehlike Haritası.

  • Salomon-Calvi, W. (1941). Türkiye’nin Zelzele Haritasına dair birkaç söz (Rapor No: 1257). Maden Tetkik ve Arama Genel Müdürlüğü (Yayımlanmamış).

  • Salomon-Calvi, W. (1941). Erdbeben Katalog der Türkei und Einiger Benachbarten Gebiete. MTA Yayınları No. 1257, Ankara

  • Sayarı, S. (1943). Depreme karşı dayanıklı yapılar nasıl yapılır?. 10 Temmuz 1943 Ulus Gazetesi sayfa 2.

  • Sayarı, S., Pamir, H.N., Erkmen, K., Alpay, F. ve Onursal, F. (1945). Yurdumuzun tehlikeli yersarsıntısı bölgelerini tayin için Milli Eğitim ve Bayındırlık Bakanlığı mütehassıs üyelerinin hazırladığı rapor (yayımlanmamış).

  • Sieberg, A. (1932). Erdbebengeographie, Band IV, Lieferung 3. Verlag von Gebrüder Borntraeger, Berlin.

  • Tınal, M. (2009). 1928 Torbalı (İzmir) Depremi. Journal of Turkish Studies, 4(8), 2229-2243.

  • Vatan Gazetesi, 11 Ekim 1940 Nüshası, 1. Sayfa, 1940.









  • APA

  • AMA

  • Chicago

  • EndNote

  • IEEE

  • ISNAD

  • JAMA

  • MLA

    • Kuzey Anadolu Fayı Düzce-Kaynaşlı Segmentinin Doğusunda Sismik Riskin Yeniden Değerlendirilmesi; 12 Kasım 1999 Depreminde Bolu Havzasında (KB Anadolu) Gözlenen Etkiler
    Yaşar Ergün Gökten
    PDF Olarak Görüntüle
  • 1999 depremleri

  • Bolu Havzası

  • Kuzey Anadolu Fayı

  • sismik risk

  • Akyüz, H. S., Hartleb, R., Barka, A. A., Altunel & E. Sunal, G. (2002). Surface rupture and slip distribution of the 12 November 1999 Düzce earthquake (M 7.1), North Anatolian Fault, Bolu, Turkey. Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, 92(1), 61-66. https://doi. org/10.1785/0120000840

  • Barka, A. (1996). Slip distribution along the North Anatolian Fault associated with the large earthquakes of the period 1939-1967. Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, 86(5), 1238- 1254. https://doi.org/10.1785/BSSA0860051238

  • Barka, A.A., Akyüz, H.S., Altunel, E., Sunal, G., Çakır, Z. … & Page, W. (2002). The surface rupture and slip distribution of the 17 August 1999 İzmit earthquake (M 7.4), North Anatolian Fault. Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, 92(1), 43-60. https://doi.org/10.1785/0120000841

  • Bolt, B.A. (2004). Earthquakes – Depremler (Çev: Ü. Tansel, 2008). W.H. Freeman and Company, New York. Tübitak Popüler Bilim Kitapları, 273, 485 s.

  • Çakır, Z., Barka, A. A., De Chabalier, J. B., Armijo, R. & Meyer, B. (2003). Kinematics of the November 12, 1999 (Mw=7.2) Düzce earthquake deduced from SAR interferometry. Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences, 12(1), 105-118.

  • Çemen İ. Gökten E. Varol B. Kılıç R. Özaksoy V. Erkmen C. & Pınar A. (2000). Turkish earthquakes reveal dynamics of fracturing along a major strike- slip fault zone. EOS, 81(28), 309-313. https://doi.org/10.1029/00EO00233

  • Demirtaş, R. (2000). Kuzey Anadolu Fay Zonu’nun Abant-Gerede arasında kalan bölümünün neotektonik özellikleri ve paleosismisitesi (Paleoseismicity and neotectonics of the Abant- Gerede region of the North Anatolian Fault Zone). Doktora Tezi (PhD Thesis), Ankara Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, 191 p.

  • Emre, Ö., Duman, T. Y., Doğan, A., Ateş, Ş. & Keçer, M. (1999). 12 Kasım Düzce depremi saha gözlemleri ve ön değerlendirme raporu. M.T.A. Gen. Müd. Jeol. Et. Dairesi, 16 Kasım Ankara, 27 p.

  • Emre, Ö., Duman, T. Y., Awata, Y., Dogan, A., & Özalp, S. (2000). Surface rupture of November 12 1999 Düzce earthquake, NW Turkey. XXVII General Assembly of the European Seismological Commission (ESC-2000). Book of abstract and papers, (p.: 247-252), 10-15 September 2000, Lisbon, Portugal.

  • Emre, Ö., Awata, Y. & Duman, T. Y. (Eds). (2003). 17 Ağustos 1999 İzmit depremi yüzey kırığı (surface rupture of the 17 August 1999 İzmit earthquake). Spec. Publ. of the Gen. Direc. Min. Res. Explor., 280 p.

  • Gökten, E., Çemen, İ., Varol, B., Pınar, A. & Özaksoy, V. (2000). The 17 August 1999 Gölcük (Kocaeli)- Arifiye (Adapazarı) and 12 November 1999 Düzce earthquakes, NW Turkey; Their mechanisms and tectonic significance. In N. Görür, G. A. Papadopoulos & N. Okay (Eds.), Integration of Earth Science Research on the Turkish and Greek 1999 Earthquakes, NATO Science Series: IV: Earth and Environmental Sciences, vol 9. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-010-0383-4_1

  • Gökten, E., Demirtaş, R., Özaksoy, V., Herece, E., Temiz U. & Varol, B. (2011). Faulting, Stress Distribution in the Bolu Pull-Apart Basin (North Anatolian Fault Zone, Turkey): The significance of new dates obtained from the basin fill. Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences, 20(1), 1-26. https://doi.org/10.3906/yer-0803-6

  • Gürbüz, A. & Gürer, Ö. F. (2009). Middle Pleistocene extinction process of pull-apart basins along the North Anatolian Fault Zone. Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors, 173(1-2), 177-180. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pepi.2008.10.021

  • Herece, İ.E. (2005). Kuzey Anadolu Fay Zonu batı kesiminin neotektonik özellikleri (Neotectonic features of the western part of the North Anatolian Fault Zone) [Yayımlanmamış Doktora Tezi]. Ankara Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Ankara 228 p.

  • Hitchcock, C., Altunel, E., Barka, A. I., Bachhuber, J., Lettis, W., Kozaci, Ö., Helms, J. & Lindvall, S. (2003). Timing of Late Holocene earthquakes on the eastern Düzce Fault and implications for slip transfer between the southern and northern strands of the North Anatolian Fault System, Bolu, Turkey. Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences, 12(1), 119-136.

  • Ketin, İ. (1948). Uber die tectonische-mechanischen folgerungen aus den grosse Anatolischen Erdbeben des letzten dezenniums. Geologische Rundschau, 36, 77-83. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01791916

  • Ketin, İ. (1969). Kuzey Anadolu Fayı hakkında (About the North Anatolian Fault). Maden Tetkik Arama Enstitüsü Yayını, 72, 1-27. https://izlik.org/JA77KA26JK

  • Koçyiğit, A. (2003). The Gerede-Kaynaşlı Fault Zones of the North Anatolian Fault System (NAFS),Turkey- A Post International workshop excursion guidebook. Middle East Tech. Univ. (METU), Ankara, Turkey, 27 p.

  • Özden, S., Över, S., Kavak, K. Ş. & İnal, Ş. S. (2008). Late Cenozoic stress state around the Bolu basin along North Anatolian Fault, NW Turkey. Journal of Geodynamics, 46(1-2), 48-62. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jog.2008.04.004

  • Öztürk, A. (1968). Çerkeş-Eskipazar-Gerede Bölgesinin Jeolojisi (The Geology of the Çerkeş- Eskipazar-Gerede Region) [Unpublished PhD Thesis]. Ankara University.

  • Şaroğlu, F. (1988). Age and offset of the North Anatolian Fault. METU J. App. Sci., 21, 65-79.

  • Şengör, A. M. C. (1979). The North Anatolian transform fault: its age, offset and tectonic significance. Journal Geological Society London, 136, 269- 282. https://doi.org/10.1144/gsjgs.136.3.0269

  • Şengör, A. M. C., Tüysüz, O., İmren, C., Sakınç, M., Eyidoğan, H., Görür, N., Le Pichon, X. & Rangin, C. (2004). The North Anatolian Fault: A new look. Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences, 33, 1-75. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.earth.32.101802.120415

  • Tokay, M. 1973. Kuzey Anadolu Fay Zonu’nun Gerede ile Ilgaz arasındaki kesiminde jeolojik gözlemler. (Geological observations on the North Anatolian Fault in the part between Gerede and Ilgaz). Kuzey Anadolu Fayı ve Deprem Kuşağı Sempozyumu, Maden Tetkik Arama Enstitüsü Yayını, 12-29. Ankara.










  • APA

  • AMA

  • Chicago

  • EndNote

  • IEEE

  • ISNAD

  • JAMA

  • MLA

  • Vancouver

    • SAYI TAM DOSYASI
    PDF Olarak Görüntüle

    Dizinler

    Arşiv