Türkiye Jeoloji Bülteni

Abstract: There are three sedimentary sequences in the study area separated by erosional surfaces: 1- UpperCretaceous - Lower Eocene sequence with undefined bottom and regressive upper section. 2. Middle Eocene-Oligocenesequence starting with transgressive bottom and ending with regressive top. and 3, Mio-Pliocene-Quaternary shallowmarine sequence which starts with transgressive lower section. Among these only the Middle Eocene-Oligocene issedimentologically uniform to the north and south of Saros BayFive main structural features have been defined: 1- Hisarlidağ High, 2- Enez Graben, 3. Semadirek High, 4. SarosGraben, and 5. Gelibolu Block. The two highs and Gelibolu Block are pre-Miocene anticlinal structures. Enez andSaros grabens developed in synclines between the anticlines- Mio-Pliocene sequence makes transgressive onlaps onthe flanks of structural highs- Enez Graben was filled by Miocene and younger sediments, but Saros Graben is stillactive and deepening.Ganos Fault located on the extension of the right lateral North Anatolian Fault follows a pre-Middle Miocene(probably Upper Cretaceous-Lower Eocene) paleo-tectonic zone. Structures and the uniform Middle Eocene-Oligocene lithostratigraphic units on both sides of the Ganos Fault indicate no significant slip along the fault duringMiddle Eocene. However, at the end of Oligocene compres sional forces affected the area- Normal fualting and grabens show the domination of tensional forces following Miocene

Abstract: The distribution of Loftusia anatolica MERİÇ which is one of the typical organism of Maastrichtianin the Middle-East and Northeastern Mediterranean regions and principle agents which may play an importantrole on this distribution are discussed.Within the central part of the Neo-Tethyan domain two subzones can be discerned, viz the Middle-East and theNortheast Mediterranean on the basis of species differentiation of Loftusia`s, Loftusia anatolica MERİÇ has beendiscovered in both these subzones. Different Loftusia species and degree of diversity suggest that SE Turkey wasnear the equantor (0-15°N) during the Maastrichtian, whereas northern, western and central Turkey was farthernorth (15-30°N). These results are in good agreement with recent palaeotectonic/palaeogeographic reconstructions ofthe Mediterranean/Middle-East regions.

Abstract: Rocks of the Maden Complex in the Poluşağı area (southeast Malatya) lie over the Pütürge Massifwith a tectonic contact. The Maden Complex of Middle Eocene age is locally composed from bottom to top oflimestone, calc-schist, red-schist, agglomerate, volcanics and the intruding hypabysssal rocksThe volcanic rocks which exhibit smooth chemical continuity are classified as basalt, andesite and minor dacite basedmainly on immobile trace element concentrations (Ti, Zr, Y, Nb, La, Ce). The hypabyssal rocks are gabbro andplagiogranite. The immobile trace and some major element chemistry of the Poluşağı magmatic rocks clearly demonstrates that the rock suite is typically tholeiitic The Poluşağı tholeiitic basalts and gabbros exhibit chemical characteristics of oceanic tholeiites as well as island arc tholeiites- The less differentiated basalts and gabbros are chemically more akin to oceanic tholeiites and the more evolved basalts and gabbros to island arc tholeiites.Geochemical and geological considerations lead to the conclusion that the Poluşağı rock suite was produced duringthe initial stages of an ensimatic immature island arc volcanism developed on the oceanic crust of the Middle Eocene Maden Marginal Basin located probably to the north of the Pütürge Massif.

Abstract: The Alanya Unit, Muzvadi complex slice and the Aladağ Unit occur in the study area which are formedin different environmental conditions- The ore occurrences are divided in two groups on the base of their mineralparagenesis, alterations, stratigraphic and geographic positions- These are the Northern Pb-Zn occurrences (Sarıpınar) and the Southern Pb-Zn occurrences (Muzvadi-Berem).The Northern occurrences are found in the Mizzia bearing limestones of Upper Permian Dumlugöze Formation andin the oolitic-stromatolitic [limestones of Lower-Middle Triassic Haydar Formation and also along the contacts of bothformations. The ores occur mostly as veins and in some cases as stratabound lensesThe Southern occurrences in the Muzvadi area are found in the Jurassic Akpmar dolomitic limestones as stockworktype mineralization. In the Berem area, however, the mineralization is situated in the brecciated and fractured zonesof Jurassic, Upper Triassic and Permian formations of the Aladağ Unit.The ores of the Southern part do not contain fluorite minerals while the ores of the Northern part are rich in fluorite.The ore deposits consist of primary sulfide minerals of sphalerite, galena, pyrite, marcasite, and secondary mineralsof dolomite, fluorite, calcite, quartz, barite, smithsonite, cerussite, hydrozincite and limonite. The Pb-Zn deposits arecommonly related to the, NW-SE and NE-SW striking tectonic lines, and were formed after the emplacement of theabove mentioned unitsA magmatic-hydrothermal origin for the Pb-Zn mineralization seems unlikely. Field and laboratuary observationsindicate an epigenetic character for the lead-zinc deposits- The lead-zinc ores were formed either by the formationwaters, by the concentration of ore-forming elements which were primarily dispersed in sedimentary rocks- bymeteoric waters, ground waters. These concentrated elements then migrated and precicpitated in the fracturedzones and open spaces of the various units.

Abstract: In this research, the odontology of hipparion found in Kemiklitepe vertebrate fauna bas been studiedand as a result of odontologic and biometric observations Hipparion matthewi Abel and Hipparion sp. are identified.From the faunal evidence and hipparion teeth it can be concluded that some dispersed savannah and lacustrinefluvial environments along with forests existed in the region- The corresponding time interval of the biozone isthought to be late Vallesian-early Turolian. 

Abstract: The Neogene volcanics occur in four main areas around Ankara- Petrochemical characteristics of therocks revealed that i) the intermediate-acidic rocks show calcalkaline affinity whereas ii) the mafic rocks showalkaline affinity.The calk-alkaline group contains hornblende, biotite, pyroxene and andesine as phenoeryst phases- Major elementchemistry of some of the rocks is similar to that of the Andean type continental margin volcanics. However ,thehigh incompatible trace element contents (Rb, Nb, Zr, Y) are not comparable with those of the Andean type.The mafic rocks contain phenoeryst of clinopyroxene with  without olivine, and lack the orthorombic pyroxene.The intermediate members of this group also contain hornblende and plagioclase as phenocrysts. Olivine is dominantlypresent in the normative composition of the rocks together with either nepheline hypersthene. The mafic volcanics have been classified, in terms of the mojor and immobile trace element (Ti, Zr, Y, Nb) abundances in two groups as alkaline basalts and shoshonites- The Zr and Y contents of both group of rocks suggest a within-platetectonic setting, for the mafic volcanics around Ankara

Abstract: A fault observed starting from the south of the Tutak town to the Santas village to the northwestextending in N65°W direction for 80-85 km has been detected and named as the Karayazı Fault- Some field evidencessuch as the juxtaposition of the older and younger rock units, the topographic expression, the drainage patternofwaters, aligned springs and the ruins of an ancient settlement observed along the fault zone have been attributedto the fact that the Karayazı Fault may be active.