Türkiye Jeoloji Bülteni

Abstract: La crête de Bakırlık se trouve à 26.2 km à l`E d`Ayvalık, orientée environ N-S et se terminant au confluent du Kara Mahmutoğlu Deresi, coulantNW-SE, et du Bakırlık Deresi, coulant NE-SW.La zone minéralisée qui intéresse une superficie de 234 375 m², est limitée à l`extrémité de la crête comprise entre ces deux rivières et seulementà la région axiale (orientée NE-SW) de cette partie de la crête. Le sommetde cette extrémité de la crête est à 265 m d`altitude et le confluent des deuxruisseaux à 110m. pour une distance à vol d`oiseau de 500 m. il en résultedonc une pente relativement raide.

Abstract: The surveyed area is situated about 30 km, north of Adana ,and to the east of the Seyhan River the highest elevations being 375-400 m. Thereare Tertiary ,and Quaternary formations in this area. The Tertiary has been distinguished as the Miocene ,and Pliocene deposits.The Miocene begins with marlsj grey in color, which correspond to Foley`s«Upper Shales». These grey marls are dense, locally conchoidal, sometimes foliated, sometimes with small joints, ,and sometimes with thin sandstone layers; theyare of the Upper Helvetian / Tortonian age. Their thickness is 1500 m. (togetherwith those lying outside of our area).These marls are overlain conformably by cross-bedded somewhat concretionary sandstones, bearing abundant micro-fossils, ,and partly corresponding toFoley`s «Upper Sandstone» beds. The pink and red sandstones of the upper layersof these sandstones resemble very much the transition beds in the other parts ofthe Adana region. The total thickness of the cross-bedded ,and concretionary sandstone formation is 1500-1700 m. The age of the series is Tortonian ,and even, partly,Upper Tortonian.The yellow-colored, marly sandstone ,and blue marl series overlies thisformation with a slight unconformity. The average thickness of this series is 1130m. However, thicknesses ranging between 750 m. ,and 1700 m. have been also observed. This formation abounds in micro-fossils as well as in macro-fossils, ,andaccording to these fossils its age is Sarmatian-Pontian.Over this Miocene series lie -with an angular unconformity- lacustrinelimestones / conglomerates ,and sandstones of the Pliocene age.In our area there are also Quaternary terrace deposits, caliches, old ,and newalluvium. Two minor volcanic activities took place here: one during the Tortonian ,and the second at the end of it.The Helvetian ,and Tortonian seas being in constant movement ,and were favorable for abundant organisms. The depth of these seas varied from time to time.Originally they were locally brackish, later on they turned to be fresh-water ,andcontinental.The following formations have been deposited (chronologically) in the Miocene seas: 1. grey marls, 2. cross-bedded, somewhat concretionary sandstones, 3.yellow-colored, marly sandstones ,and blue marls.From the study of the deposits in the Miocene sea, we gather that the sea wasin oscillation ,and had undercurrents. The Helvetian-Tortonian strata were folded together (Styrian phase). Thereafter the Alpine orogeny folded also the Sarmatian-Pontian strata (Rhodanianphase). The Pliocene strata were also folded (Valaque folding phase). During thisfolding period the following anticlines were formed:1. The Tülüler anticline, 2. The Evreşim Uşağı-Turunçlu anticline, 3. The Mustafalı anticline, 4. The Kızılkaş-Karga Kekeç anticline.These anticlines are 2.5x3,5 km. / 1.5x10 km. in amplitude. Their dip is 3°to 8° ,and sometimes 10°-20°, ,and their strike is NE-SW, WWN-EES / E-W. Thefolding pressure came from NNW.The anticlines appear to have formed a unilateral free virgation. There are nolarge faults in the area; only a few faults ranging from 1 to 1.5 km. at most, areencountered ,and their displacements / heaves are not important.The cross-bedded, partially concretionary strata may be oil reservoirs ,and themarly parts may be bedrocks. There are some anticlines in this formation / in theSarmatian-Pontian marls which may be cap-rocks.In conclusion it may be said that the oil seepages have been observed in theHelvetian marl intercalated sandstone formation, located at Topallı, north of thesurveyed area, ,and that there are some oil possibilities in this area.

Abstract: Aus dem Vorland des Taurus (Anatolien Südlich des Tuz-Gölü) wurdeeine kleine Faunula zur Bestimmung übergeben. Es handelt sich um Süsswassergastropoden, die in einem hellen, porösen, kalkreichen Sedimenteingebettet waren. Die Schalen sind vorzüglich erhalten und nur zum geringen Teil von Sediment erfüllt. Folgende Arten konnten bestimmt werden:Planorbis planorbis (LINNE)ein nahezu vollständig erhaltenes Gehäuse.Planorbarius cornu (BRONG.)Zentraler Teil eines beschädigten Gehäuses.Hydrobia sp

Abstract: From time to time somebody forwards the opinion that between the Mesozoic ,and the Kainozoic some catastrophic event must have happened, to account for the difference in the fauna, especially the extinction of theDinosaurs. This is considered to be wholly unnecessary.1. The faunal change is not as sudden as it seems on superficial observation. Some mesozoic forms disappear already before the conventional boundarybetween the Cretacous ,and the Tertiary, others survive it (v. Ammonoidea ,and Belemnoidea). Modern types (Placentalia, Octopoda) make their appearance alreadyin the Upper Cretaceous. Thus the appearance of new, the extinction of old forms isa drawn-out process, lasting from about Turonia n up to the Eocene, with probablya peak at the top of the Maestrichtian.2. Extinction mainly concerns forms of high specialization which are at theend of an evolutionary cycle. Such forms are susceptible to even small changes inexternal conditions, which do not touch more robust forms. Small initial changesmay lead to a cumulative effect.The faunal change between Mesozoic and Kainozoic is no more catastrophicthan any other in the history of life. 

Abstract: Ein grosser Ammocibicides mit drei deutlich sichelförmigenKammern im uniserialen Gehäuseanteil. 

Abstract: Im Zuge der am M.T.A. Enstitüsü durchgeführten mikropalaeontologischen Arbeiten gelangten eozaene Proben aus der Gegend des Dorfes Saray, bei Mihalıççık, Vilâyet Ankara zur Untersuchung, Diese waren von Dr. WEDDING aufgesammelt worden, aehnliches, wenn auch fossilaermeres Material auch von Dr. WEINGART. Beiden Kollegen sei hier der Dank des Autors für die Überlassung des so wichtigen Materials ausgedrückt. Hauptbestandteil der Fauna war eine stark gestachelte Form die aufden ersten Blick an eine Hantkenina erinnerte. Bei genauer Untersuchungerwies sie sich jedoch als eine Globorotalia und zwar im engeren Sinn(CUSHMAN u. BERMUDEZ, 1949).Sie zeigte Aehnlichkeiten mit Globorotalia palmerae CUSHM. BERM,1937 sowie Gl. lehneri CUSHM. JARVIS 1929. Ferner Globorotalia inconspicua HOWE 1939 musste jedoch spezifisch von diesen unterschieden werden. Im Zuge des Literaturstudiums tauchten nun Gesichtspunkte aufdie für eine Zusammenfassung dieser Arten als Subgenus im Rahmen von Globorotalia sprachen. Dies umsomehr als ja der Rahmen der Gattung jetztenger gefasst wurde und Turborotalia und Truncorotalia zum Rang selbständiger Gattungen erhoben worden sind. 

Abstract: Söke civarında açılan bir arteziyen sondaj kuyusundan 35-40 metre derinlikten tabiî gazların çıktığını gazetelerden öğrenmiş bulunuyoruz. Burada bölgenin jeolojik durumu ile idrokarbür imkânlarını kısaca izah etmeyifaydalı buluyorum.  

Abstract: Yurdumuzun yeraltı millî servetlerinden birisi ve en mühimi olan petrol madenlerinin araştırılmalarını, Cumhuriyetten evvel, sonra ve bugünkü durum olmak üzere, üç devreye ayırmak suretiyle, üç safhada mütalea ve tetkik etmeği, mukayese bakımından, çok faydalı bulmaktayız. 

Abstract: Türkiye Jeoloji Kurumu Bülteni, Cilt VI, Sayı 1 deki kritiğin sevkettiği düşünceler evvelâ umumi mahiyette takdim edilecek, sonra da sorulara sırasiyle cevap verilecektir. İlk kısım ayrıntılarla ilgilenmiyecek okuyucuları aydınlatabilecek kifayettedir. 

Abstract: 1858 yılında Londra`da kurulan Jeologlar Birliği (The Geologists Association) 1958 yılında, jeologlara yakışır bir şekilde müteaddit jeolojik ekskürsiyonlarla, 100 yılını kutlayacaktır. Yüz yıllık mazisi olan bu birliğingayesi bilhassa amatör jeologlar, talebeler ve hocalar arasında jeolojininyayılmasına ve tanınmasına yar-dım etmek, onlara yeni metodları göstermek ve araştırma zevkini vermektir. Birliğin hususiyeti de tabiatı seven veondan zevk alan amatör jeologlarla profesyonelleri biraraya toplanmasıdır.Gayelerini tahakkuk ettirmek için de Ekim ayından Temmuza kadar herayın ilk Cuma günü akşamı Londra`nın merkezi Picadiliy`de, Londra JeolojiKurumunun meşhur «Burlington House»ın salonlarında jeoloji ve ilgili konularda münakaşalı konferanslar ve toplantılar tertip eder. Kışın Cumartesiveya Pazar günleri jeoloji bakımından önemli araştırma merkezleri, lâboratuvarlar, üniversiteler, müzeler ziyaret edilir. Mart ile Ekim arasındaki tatilgünlerinde, klâsik kesitler veren mevkilere, taş ocaklarına, tuğla fabrikalarına kısa veya uzun jeolojik ekskürsiyonlar yapılır. Yazın da tatil (Holiday) ile jeoloji birleştirilerek İngiltere`nin veya Avrupa`nın klâsik yerlerinetrip`ler tertip edilip istifadeli ve neşeli günler geçirilir. Şimdiye kadar Norveç`le İtalya arasında kalan memleketler ziyaret edilmiştir. Araştırmalar,konferanslar, münakaşalar birliğin yayın organı olan The Proceedings`deyayınlanır. Bu bülten yılda dört defa yayınlanır ve şimdiye kadar 69 ciltolmuştur. Birlik kütüphane işini kendi imkânlarını Londra Üniversitesininbir koleji olan University College kütüphanesiyle birleştirmek suretiyle halletmiştir. Buradan, her âza istediği kitabı ödünç alabilir.