Türkiye Jeoloji Bülteni

Abstract: This investigation involves the evidences of geological studies that have been done on the investigatedarea are divided in  the two units as the pre-Neogene and the Neogene- post-Neogene. The pre-Neogene ones consist ofthe Upper Cretaceous aged ophiolite and ophiolitic melange (Lower Tectonic Slice), Upper Cretaceous to Lower Eoceneaged the Blocky Flysch (Middle Tektonic Slice) and Upper Triassic to Lower Eocene aged sediments (Upper TectonicSlice) that begin with mainly carbonates at the base and lasted with the elastics at the top. On the other hand, the Neogene and post-Neogene aged ones are built up by fluvio-lacustrine and marinal sediments of Pliocene age and alluvium,beachsand, beachrock, talus, old terrace and volcanic deposites of Quaternary age. The Upper Triassic to Lower Eocene aged sequence deposited in the most western part of a trough that developedduring Upper Liassic ( Dogger) between The Menderes Massif and the Beydağları neritic platformes. This serie showssome differences concering age with respect to ones deposited in the eastern part of the trough.Furthermore, possible structural modelling for the neotectonic period of the peninsula was proposed by the author.According to this model, the Datça Peninsula is a great horst block between the Gökova Graben and the HisarönüGraben.

Abstract: The lignite seams are occured in the Zırnak formation within the Hınıs basin. This unit was depositedin the limnic environment and ranges of Lower Pliocene to Upper Pliocene in age. The typical section of the formationare exposed in the Zırnak Hill. The lignite seams varying with different thiknesses have cut during drillings. The correlation of lignites in the region, having the Zırnak hill lignites as base have been carried out with petrographical properties of the lignites in the petrographical analysis, the lignite seams seem to contain of high amount of iron, clay-silicateminerals as well as exinite macerals but low amount of humunite macerals and it seems that the amount of inertinitemacerals are mostly lower than exinite macerals. During the occurences of the lignites of Zırnak formation, various erosions and related detrital sediment accumulation movements have taken place. For this reason the lignites contain considerably high amount of clay materials and have low calorific values in general. 

Abstract: The trona-bearing serie of the "Hırka Formation" of Miocene age in the Beypazarı (Ankara) basin havebeen examined by optical and X ray diffraction techniques.In addition to trona, trona-bearing serie consist mainly of pirssonite, nahcolite, dolomite, calcite, magnesite, clinoptilolite, analcime, K-feldspar, quartz, smectite, illite, pyrite, biotite and hornblende. Studies shown that, tronabearing zones (lower and uper trona horizons) are composed of mainly of 85 % well crystallized natural soda mineralssuch as trona, pirssonite, nahcolite and 15 % dolomite. Dolomites in the non trona bearing zones are of Ca-Dolomitestypes. On the other hand, the ideal crystallographic structure of dolomites have been determined in the lower and uppertrona horizons. 

Abstract: The pelagic limestones locating in the studied area rich in Calpionellids. Three stratigiraphic culumnarsections were mesured to study biostratigraphy of calpionellids and to define the boundray of Jurassic-Cretaceous. Thethickness of the unit is about 500 m. According to sedimantologic and petrographic studies of thin sections, this limestones are generaly micrite, locally pelmicrite, sparite and pelsparite. At the bottom there is a dolomitic level and at thetop there is a breccic level which are both 15-20 m. in thickness. However the paleontologic studies are pointed outthat, the limestones are Tithonian-Albian age and content 6 calpionellid biozones which are Crassicolaria intermediazone (At the bottom of Upper Tithonian), Calpionella alpina zone (at the top of Upper Tithonian), Calpionella ellipticazone (Early Berriasian), Calpionellopsis simplex-Calpionellopsis oblonga zone (Late Berriasian), Calpionellites darderizone (Valanginian) and Tintinnopsella carpathica zone (at the top of Valanginian). All these zones are compared withstandard Calpinoellid zones and the other previous studies. On the other hand a table drawn showing the stratigraphicaldistribution of Calpionellid species. The boundray of jurassic-Cretaceous is on the 270 m. with appearence of Calpionella elliptica CADISCH.

Abstract: This study, based on planktic foraminifera, reveals the detailed biostratigraphic subdivisions of theUpper Cretaceous-Eocene unit, outcropping in the Çünür Village and clossed area, 10 km North of İsparta City.Thirty-one planktic foraminifera species have been identified and six planktic foraminifera zones have been defined inthe sedimentary rock samples taken from the measured stratigraphic sections in the investigated area.In the Upper Cretaceous (Maestrihctian): Gansserina gansseri and Abathomphalus mayaroensis zones, in theLower Eocene (Ypresian): Morozovella formosa formosa, Morozovella aragonensis, Acarinina pentazarcmata zones, inthe Middle Eocene (Lutetian): Acarinina bullbrooki Zone.The planktic foraminifera zones have been correlated with the other studies for the same stratigraphic level the world.The study showed that the defined planktic foraminifera assembleges belong to the temperate region. 

Abstract: The systematic investigation of species of Elianella, Solenomeris, Solenopora, Pycnoporidium andThaumatoporella of the Solenoporaceae has been conducted in the study area. These fossils have been found in this areafor the first time in Turkey. The similarities and differences between our result and those of earlier workers ill the stratigraphic distribution of algae have been put forth.

Abstract: Focused both on their lithological compositions and structural attitudes, basement rock units in theÇiniyeri-Küre area of Menderes Massif are made of augen gneiss, kyanite-garnet schist, garnet-mica schist calc-schist,marbles, amphibolites and dykes of gabbroic type. Data have been obtained from petrographical and mineralogicalstudy indicated that garnet-mica schists are not found as a homogenious unit but that they exhibit local changesbetween quartz-muskc vite and mica schists. This formation is locally cut by quartz veins including rutile. The metamorphic units along the southern edge of Küçük Menderes graben are covered by Quaternary sediments deposited withinan alluvial fan environment.Rutile is one of the most important heavy minerals of fluvial sediments. Detailed studies revealed that heavyminerals accompanying rutile were mainly derived from the metamorphic basement. On the other hand, volumes and rutile contents of quartz veins do not reach considerable amounts, the absolute contributions of quartz veins to the totalheavy mineral concentrations are less than metamorphic rocks. The heavy minerals which are accumulated under turbulent flow conditions, generally, enriched on the levels paralel to the channel. We can expressed that the textural parametres of sediments can be used as useful criteria for the exploration of heavy mineral concentrations.