Öz: Doğu Karadeniz (KD-Türkiye) metalojenik provensi`nde bulunan Zigana Dağı (Gümüşhane) civarındaki Geç Kretase volkanik kayaçları yoğun hidrotermal alterasyona ve çok az yüzeysel ayrışmaya maruz kalmışlardır. Tabanda bulunan Geç Kretase bazalt, andezit ve bunların piroklastitleri yine aynı yaşlı Dasit-I ve Dasit-II olarak adlandırılan dasitik kayaçlar tarafından üstlenmektedir. Volkanik kayaçlar bimodal karakterde olup, volkanik yay ortamlarında gelişmişlerdir. Volkanitler serizit/illit-klorit fasiyesinde bozunmuşlardır ve alterasyon ürünü olarakserizit/illit, klorit, kuvars, karbonat mineralleri (ankerit ve kalsit), demir oksit ve nadiren kaolinit, simektit ve epidot içerirler. Serizitleşme/illitleşme volkanitlerinde görülen en yaygın hidrotermal alterasyon türüdür. İllitten sonra en yaygın görülen alterasyon türü klorittir. Piritleşme tüm volkanitlerde görülmekle birlikte en yaygın dasitlerde gözlenir. Bazı alanlarda, yer yer limonitleşme mevcuttur. Epidotlaşma ise nadirdir ve özellikle bazalt ve andezitlerde görülür. Hidrotermal alterasyonun bir sonucu olarak Zigana volkanitlerinde oluşan kütle kazanç ve kayıplarını hesaplamak için isocon analizi uygulanmış ve genel olarak bazalt ve andezitte %2-61 kütle kazancı, Dasit-I %71kütle kazancı ve %42 kütle kaybı ve Dasit-II`de %44 kütle kazancı ve %32 kütle kaybı hesaplanmıştır. Dolayısıyla, ana kayacın hidrotermal alterasyonu esnasında volkanitlerde hem kütle kazancı hem de kütle kaybı meydana gelmiştir. Genellikle, az altere kayaçtan çok altere kayaca doğru illit-klorit-kaolini tartarken karbonat mineralleri azalır. Volkanitlerde, serizitleşme/illitleşme, kloritleşme ve silisleşmeye sebep olan sıvıların Cu, Pb ve Zn gibi metalleri arttırmadığı, gerçekte bu sıvıların bu metallerce fakir olduğu söylenebilir. Bu aynı zamanda onların değişik hidrotermal şartlar altında geliştiğine işaret eder.
Hidrotermal alterasyon
kütle değişimi
volkanik kayaçlar
Zigana
Türkiye
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